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Biology 102 > lab practical 1 > Flashcards

lab practical 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

fungi reproduce…

A

asexually

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2
Q

the three shapes of bacterial cell walls

A

bacillus (rod-shaped), coccus (spherical) and spirillum (spiral)

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3
Q
A

penicillium

fungi

phylum: ascomycota

multicellular free-living heterotrophic

appearance: clear rings, sort of square

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4
Q

have one flagellum, most primitive protozoans and are parasitic as well as free-living heterotrophs

A

flaggellates

Ex. trypanosoma (cause african sleeping sickness)

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5
Q
A

rhizopus

fungi (bread mold)

phylum: zygomycota

multicellular, free-living, heterotrophic

Reproducing: bulbs with stems on two ends mass: fuzzy with dots

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6
Q
A

paramecium

protist

phylum: cilophora

unicellular, free-living, heterotrophic, protozoan

Swimmy when alive, ovals w/ distinct nucleus looking inside circle

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7
Q

How large is a tryanosome relative to Amoeba?

A

Much smaller

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8
Q

Archaebacteria that are survivors of ancient lines that have persisted in habitats similar to those present when bacteria first evolved

A

extremophiles

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9
Q

pigments of cyanobacteria

A

chlorophyll a, phycocyanin an phyocoerythrin

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10
Q

Free-living in freshwater. One of the most studied and undergoes reproduction through conjugation.

A

paramecium (ciliate)

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11
Q

segmention of the body for reproduction

A

transverse fission

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12
Q

derive their energy from photosynthesis or the oxidation of inorganic molecules

A

autotrophic

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13
Q

The three main domains of organisms

A

Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya

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14
Q

Eukaryotes

A

has membrane-bound organelles

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15
Q
A

saccharomyces

fungi (yeast)

phylum: ascomycota

unicellular, free-living, heterotrophic

appearance: little purple/pink circles

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16
Q

slime mold that live alongg the damp forest floor in a mass of brightly colored protoplasm

A

plasmodium

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17
Q

when do fungi reproduce sexually?

A

When hyphae of two genetically different individuals of the same species encounter one another.

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18
Q
A

amoeba

protist

phylum: rhizopoda

unicellular, free-living, heterotrophic, protozoan

appearance: spongebob background clouds with center dot

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19
Q

Stains pink

A

Gram Negative

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20
Q

when fungi’s nuclei fuse

A

karyogamy

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21
Q

How do daughter colonies exit Volvox?

A

They are released when the parent cell disintegrates

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22
Q

Prokaryotes

A

lacks cell membrane bound organelles,

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23
Q

four major phyla of fungi

A

chytridiomycota, zygomycota, ascomycota and basidiomycota

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24
Q
A

volvox

protist

phylum: chlorophyta

unicellular, free-living, autotrophic, algae

appearance: orbs with little orbs in them

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25
Q

What is the function of the eyespot of Euglena?

A

It detects light

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26
Q

Domain that includes fungi, plantae and animalia

A

Domain Eukarya

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27
Q
A

coprinus

fungi

phylum: basidiomycota

multicellular, free-living, heterotrophic

appearance: thin clear horseshoe crab shape

28
Q

movable extenison of cytoplasm used for locomation and gathering food

A

pseudopods

29
Q
A

euglena

protist

phylum: euglenophyta

unicellular, free-living, autotrophic, algae

appearance: little swimmy guys but algae too

30
Q
A
31
Q
A

diatom

protist

phylum: chrysophyta

unicellular, free-living, autotrophic, algae

appearance: beautiful, distinct shapes

32
Q

Are the filaments of Spirogyra branched?

A

Yes

33
Q

Bacteria reproduce asexually via…

A

Binary fission

34
Q

patch of millions of bacterial cells that produce the look of a single cell on agars surface

A

colony

35
Q
A

cladophora

protist

phylum: chlorophyta

unicellular, free-living, autotrophic, algae

appearance: branching stems, green

36
Q
A

lichen

fungi with a symbiotic relationship with algae

phylum: ascomycota

multicellular, free-living, hetero/autotrophic

appearance: Thick line, w/ 2 sides. One thick and bumpy, the other sort of clear

37
Q

stains purple

A

Gram positive

38
Q

What are the advantages of conjugation in Paramecium?

A

Exchange of genetic material

39
Q

Would you expect lichens to grow best in rural or urban environments?

A

Rural because they are susceptible to air pollution

40
Q

types of asexual reproduction in fungi

A

budding and fragmentation

41
Q

How is the structure of yeast hyphae different from that of molds?

A

They are round while others form linear structures

42
Q

“shelled amoebas” marine organisms that are stiff pseudopods with a test made of CaCO3

A

foraminiferans

43
Q

when food is engulfed and a food vacuole is formed

A

phagocytic

44
Q
A

geaster

fungi

phylum: basidiomycota

multicellular, free-living, heterotrophic

appearance: mushroom flower

45
Q

a long appendage that helps for movement in a cork-screw like motion.

A

flagellum

46
Q

two types of nuclei in ciliates

A

micronuclei and macronuclei

47
Q
A

plasmodium

protist

phylum: apicomplexa

unicellular, parasitic, heterotrophic, protozoan

Parasites INSIDE blood cells

48
Q

What is the adaptive significance of spores forming on ends of upright filaments rather than closer to the protective substrate?

A

It makes it easier for them to spread

49
Q
A

spirogyra

protist

phylum: chlorophyta

unicellular, free-living, autotrophic, algae

Appearance: stick stem segments, green

50
Q

What are the tiny spheres inside the larger sphere of Volvox?

A

Daughter colonies

51
Q

mycelium and hyphae absorb nutrients making fungi..

A

absorptive heterotrophs

52
Q

slender filament of cytoplasm and nuclei enclosed by the cell wall.

A

hypha

53
Q
A
54
Q

derive their energy from organic molecules made by other organisms

A

heterotrophic

55
Q

Under what environmental conditions would a zygote not undergo meiosis immediately?

A

During unfavorable environmental conditions

56
Q

transformation of atmospheric nitrogen into other nitrogenous compounds that can be used as nutrients by plants.

A

nitrogen fixation

57
Q
A

escherichia coli

Kingdom: eubacteria

58
Q

mass of hypha make up an individual organism called..

A

mycelium

59
Q

when haploid cells from two mating fungi strains fuse their cytoplasms

A

plasmogamy

60
Q
A

fucus

protist

phylum: phaeophyta

multicellular, free-living, autotrophic, algae

Kelp

61
Q

Some bacteria have genetic recombination via… That all or seom parts of the genetic material is transferred from one bacterium to another bacterium

A

conjugation

62
Q
A

slime mold

protist

phylum: apicomplexa

multicellular, free-living, heterotrophic, protozoan

appearance: blotchy under slide, not under slide I know it

63
Q
A

allomyces

fungi

phylum: chytridiomycota

multicellular, parasitic, heterotrophic

appearance: stems with dots on them

64
Q
A
65
Q

How does movement of Paramecium compare with that of Amoeba?

A

Paramecium uses cilia

66
Q
A

trypanosoma

protist

phylum: sarcomastigophora

unicellular, parasitic, heterotrophic, protozoan

parasites among the blood cells

Biology 102 (5 decks)

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