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Anatomy > Lab Practical 1 > Flashcards

Lab Practical 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Extension

A

Makes you longer/straighter

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2
Q

Flexion

A

Makes you smaller, like the fetal position

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3
Q

Adduction

A

Towards the body

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4
Q

Abduction

A

Away from the body

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5
Q

Supination

A

Hands facing up

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6
Q

Pronation

A

Hands facing down

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7
Q

Arm vs. Forearm

A

The forearm is more distal than the arm

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8
Q

Thigh vs. Leg

A

The leg is more distal than the thigh

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9
Q

Origin

A

Remains relatively fixed during muscle contraction

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10
Q

Insertion

A

Movable part of a muscle

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11
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Region: head and neck (anterior)
Origin: medial portion of the clavicle, manubrium of the sternum
Insertion: mastoid process of the temporal bone
Joint action: (head and neck) flexion and rotation

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12
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Region: thorax (anterior)
Origin: medial clavicle, sternum, costal cartilage of ribs 1-6, aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique
Insertion: intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Joint action: (arm) adduction, medial rotation, flexion

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13
Q

External intercostals

A

Region: thorax (anterior)
Origin: inferior border of ribs 1-11
Insertion: superior border of ribs 2-12
Joint action: (ribs) elevation during inhalation

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14
Q

Internal intercostals

A

Region: thorax (anterior)
Origin: inferior border of ribs 1-11
Insertion: superior border of ribs 2-12
Joint action: (ribs) depression during forced exhalation

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15
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

Region: thorax (anterior)
Origin: ribs 3-5
Insertion: scapula (coracoid process)
Joint action: (scapula) lateral rotation

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16
Q

Trapezius

A

Region: back (posterior)
Origin: occipital bone, spinous process of C7 and T1-T12
Insertion: Clavicle (lateral) and scapula (spine and acromion)
Joint action: (scapula) elevation, medial rotation, retraction, depression

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17
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Region: back (posterior)
Origin: sacral and lumbar spines, iliac crest, ribs 9-12, spinous processes of T6-T12, inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: humerus (floor of intertubercular sulcus)
Joint action: (arm) adduction, extension, medial rotation

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18
Q

Levator scapulae

A

Region: back (posterior)
Origin: transverse processes of C1-C4
Insertion: superior angle of scapula, medial border of scapula
Joint action: (scapula) elevation, shrugging, (neck) lateral flexion (when scapula fixed)

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19
Q

Rhomboid muscles (major and minor)

A

Region: back (posterior)
Origin: spinous processes of C7-T5
Insertion: scapula (medial border)
Joint action: (scapula) retraction, elevation of scapula

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20
Q

Deltoid

A

Region: shoulder and arm (anterior)
Origin: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
Insertion: humerus (deltoid tuberosity)
Joint action: anterior- flexion and medial rotation of arm, lateral- abduction of arm, posterior- extension and lateral rotation of arm

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21
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Region: shoulder and arm (anterior)
Origin: long head: scapula (supraglenoid tubercle), short head: scapula (coracoid process)
Insertion: tendon: radius (tuberosity), aponeurosis: deep fascia (proximal medial forearm)
Joint action: (forearm) supination, flexion, (arm) flexion

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22
Q

Brachialis

A

Region: shoulder and arm (anterior)
Origin: anterior distal shaft of humerus
Insertion: tuberosity of ulna
Joint action: (forearm) flexion

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23
Q

Subscapularis

A

Region: shoulder and arm (anterior)
Origin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: humerus (lesser tubercle)
Joint action: (arm) medial rotation

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24
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Region: shoulder and arm (anterior)
Origin: scapula (coracoid process)
Insertion: medial mid-shaft of humerus
Joint action: (arm) adduction and flexion

25
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Region: shoulder and arm (posterior)
Origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Joint action: (arm) lateral rotation, holds head of humerus in glenoid cavity

26
Q

Teres minor

A

Region: shoulder and arm (posterior)
Origin: lateral border of scapula
Insertion: humerus (greater tubercle)
Joint action: (arm) adduction and lateral rotation

27
Q

Teres major

A

Region: shoulder and arm (posterior)
Origin: inferior angle and lateral border of scapula
Insertion: intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Joint action: (arm) adduction and medial rotation

28
Q

Triceps bracii

A

Region: shoulder and arm (posterior)
Origin: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula, two origins on the shaft of humerus
Insertion: ulna (olecranon)
Joint action: (arm) extension and (forearm) extension

29
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Region: shoulder and arm (posterior)
Origin: supraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Joint action: (arm) abduction, holds head of humerus in glenoid cavity

30
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Region: forearm and hand (anterior)
Origin: humerus (lateral distal shaft)
Insertion: styloid process of radius
Joint action: (forearm) flexion, assists in pronation and supination

31
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

Region: forearm and hand (anterior)
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: metacarpals 2 and 3
Joint action: (hand) flexion and abduction

32
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Region: forearm and hand (anterior)
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus, olecranon, posterior border of ulna
Insertion: pisiform, hamate, metacarpal 5
Joint action: (hand) flexion and adduction

33
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Region: forearm and hand (posterior)
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior shaft of ulna
Insertion: metacarpal 5
Joint action: (hand) extension, adduction

34
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

Region: forearm and hand (posterior)
Origin: humerus (lateral epicondyle)
Insertion: phalanges 2-5
Joint action: (fingers and wrist) extension

35
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Region: forearm and hand (posterior)
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: metacarpal 3
Joint action: (hand) extension and abduction

36
Q

Rotator cuff group

A 
SITS
Subscapularis
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Supraspinatus
37
Q

External abdominal oblique

A

Region: abdomen (anterior)
Origin: ribs, costal catrilages 5-12
Insertion: linea alba, crest of ilium
Joint action: unilateral: rotation of trunk, bilateral: flexion of trunk (sit ups)

38
Q

Internal abdominal oblique

A

Region: abdomen (anterior)
Origin: inguinal ligament, crest of ilium, thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: linea alba, costal cartilages 7-10
Joint action: unilateral: rotation of trunk, bilateral: flexion of trunk (sit ups)

39
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

Region: abdomen (anterior)
Origin: pubis (crest and symphysis)
Insertion: xiphoid process, costal cartilages 5-7
Joint action: (trunk) flexion, compression of anterior abdominal wall (with obliques)

40
Q

Tensor fascia lata

A

Region: hip and thigh (anterior)
Origin: crest and ASIS of ilium
Insertion: iliotibial tract
Joint action: (thigh) flexion, abduction, medial rotation, stabilizes knee in full extension

41
Q

Sartorius (longest muscle in the body)

A

Region: high and thigh (anterior)
Origin: ASIS of the ilium
Insertion: proximal medial shaft of tibia
Joint action: (thigh) flexion and lateral rotation, (leg) flexion

42
Q

Iliopsoas

A

Region: hip and thigh (anterior)
Origin: Iliac fossa, lumbar vertebrae 1-5
Insertion: femur (lesser trochanter)
Joint action: (thigh) flexion and lateral rotation

43
Q

Quadriceps femoris

A

Region: hip and thigh (anterior)
Origin: shaft of femur, anterior inferior iliac spine of the ilium
Insertion: patella via a common tendon (which continues as the patellar ligament and attaches to the tibial tuberosity)
Joint action: (leg) extension, (thigh) flexion (rectus femoris)

44
Q

Gracilis

A

Region: hip and thigh (anterior)
Origin: pubis
Insertion: proximal medial shaft of tibia
Joint action: (thigh) adduction and (leg) flexion

45
Q

Adductor longus

A

Region: hip and thigh (anterior)
Origin: body and inferior ramus of pubic bone
Insertion: femur (linea aspera)
Joint action: (thigh) adduction

46
Q

Adductor brevis

A

Region: hip and thigh (anterior)
Origin: pubis (body and inferior ramus)
Insertion: linea aspera of femur
Joint action: (thigh) adduction

47
Q

Adductor magnus

A

Region: hip and thigh (anterior)
Origin: inferior ramus of pubic bone, rams and tuberosity of ischium
Insertion: femur (linea aspera and adductor tubercle)
Joint action: (thigh) adduction and extension

48
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

Region: hip and thigh (posterior)
Origin: ilium, sacrum, coccyx
Insertion: iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of femur
Joint action: (thigh) extension, lateral rotation, abduction

49
Q

Biceps femoris

A

Region: hip and thigh (posterior)
Origin: tuberosity of ischium, linea aspera of femur
Insertion: fibula (head)
Joint action: (thigh) extension and (leg) flexion

50
Q

Gluteus medius

A

Region: hip and thigh (posterior)
Origin: ilium (ala)
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Joint action: abduction of hip (non weight-bearing), lowers pelvis on weight-bearing side

51
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Region: hip and thigh (posterior)
Origin: ischium (tuberosity)
Insertion: proximal medial shaft of tibia
Joint action: (thigh) extension and (leg) flexion

52
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Region: hip and thigh (posterior)
Origin: tuberosity of ischium
Insertion: tibia (medial condyle)
Joint action: (thigh) extension and (leg) flexion

53
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Region: leg and foot (anterior)
Origin: tibia (anterior lateral shaft), interosseous membrane
Insertion: metatarsal 1, medial cuneiform
Joint action: (foot) dorsiflexion, inversion

54
Q

Fibularis longus and brevis

A

Region: leg and foot (anterior)
Origin: fibula (shaft)
Insertion: metatarsal 1 and 5, medial cuneiform
Joint action: (foot) eversion, plantar flexion

55
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Region: leg and foot (posterior)
Origin: medial and lateral condyles of femur
Insertion: calcaneus
Joint action: (leg) flexion and (foot) plantar flexion

56
Q

Plantaris

A

Region: leg and foot (posterior)
Origin: posterior distal shaft of the femur
Insertion: calcaneus
Joint action: (foot) plantar flexion and (leg) flexion

57
Q

Soleus

A

Region: leg and foot (posterior)
Origin: proximal posterior shaft of tibia, proximal posterior shaft of fibula
Insertion: calcaneus (through cancaneal tendon)

58
Q

4 muscles in quadriceps femoris group

A

Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis

59
Q

3 muscles in hamstring group

A

Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, long head of biceps femurs

Anatomy (4 decks)

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