Lab Practical 1 Flashcards
Which does not contain nucleus
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes
Which leukocyte is most likely to be found destroying bacteria by phagocytosis
Neutrophils
An experiment shows your blood shows clumping when mixed with anti b and anti d antibodies.
What blood type are you?
B+
Which component of blood is involved in clotting
Platelets
What is the measure of the percentage of RBCs in the blood?
Hematocrit
What is a b and c
A- plasma
B- Buffy coat
C- RBCs
What is a normal Hct level
39-49%
What is a normal hemoglobin level
12-16g/dl
why is the second pregnancy the concern for RH- mothers?
Because during the birth of her first child there is a high risk that she will be exposed to the rh antigen from the baby and produce rh antibodies.
if the next baby is rh+ the mothers antigens will attack the fetus’s blood supply and harm the baby.
What is the most abundant leukocyte
Neutrophil
What condition may cause coagulation time to increase?
Decreased platelet count
Decreased k
If agglutination occurs when anti b antibody is applied… what is the blood type
B
How does living in a high altitude affect Hct?
Higher altitudes will increase a persons Hct levels
Identify the cell and it’s function
A - platelet - clotting
B - Rbc- O2 transport
C - lymphocyte- immune targets virus and cancer cells
D- eosinophils - immune targets parasites and allergies
What returns O2 Poe blood to the heart from areas above the heart
SVC
What is true of cardia muscle and not skeletal
Muscle
Contains intercalated discs
Largest heart chamber with thickest myocardium is
Left ventricle
Identify the arrhythmia
Heart block
Identify the arrhythmia
A fib
Identify the arrhythmia
V fib
Identify the arrhythmia
PVC
Dangerous no t wave can cause v fib
Which wave indicates ventricular repolarization
T wave
Which wave indicates ventricular systole
st segment
Why is summation and tetanus not possible in cardiac muscle tissue
The long refractory period makes it impossible to reactor wave summation before the relaxation phase
What does extreme Vegas nerve stimulation have on the heart
Decreases hr to the point of stopping and after a while it will start pumping again
What would happen if the Vegas nerve was cut
Hr would increase bc the parasympathetic nervous system wouldn’t be able to slow the hr via vegal nerve
How does the SNS effect hr
Increases hr
Cardiac nerves use NE to bind to b1 receptors > open ca++ channels which will cause > depolarization rate to increase and > repolarization rate will decrease and >
that makes the hr increase
What is atropine? Inhibitor or enhancer of Ach? Effect on hr?
Atropine is an antagonist
Inhibits ACH at the muscularinic receptors
Increases hr
What effect does pilocarpine have on the heart and why
Pilocarpine is a muscarinic receptor agonist and increases the activity of acetylcholine released by the parasympathetic nervous system thus slowing the heart rate
Cholinergic effect
Describe the effects of digitalis. What is the mechanism?
Positive inotropic agent and negative chronotropic agent
Inhibits the sodium potassium pump > increasing intracellular Na+ levels and increasing Ca++levels in myocardial cells > enhancing ventricular ejection > boosting systole Volume
And
Stims the PNS Vegas nerve which decreases hr (chronotropic)
What effect on hr and strength of contractions occurs from hypocalcemia
Weaker contractions and decreased hr
Why does hypocalcemia decrease contraction strength
It decreases the ca++ uptake into the cell
What effect on hr, arrhythmia, and or strength of contraction occurs from hyperkalemia
lowers cell-resting action potential and prevents repolarization, leading to muscle paralysis.
Makes it more excitable repolarizing too fast
