Lab Notes 3

Question 1

what is the purpose of this experiment?

Answer 1

separate mixture with different boiling points

Question 2

what is distillation?

Answer 2

isolate component in a boiling mixture by vapourization and condensation

or separate a liquid from non-volatile impurities

Question 3

what is refluxing?

Answer 3

1. heat mixture to boil
2. liquid vapourizes and gases rise
3. vapours contact cooler points of distilate apparatus and condense back into liquid
4. droplets of liquid** fall back into reaction flask**

Question 4

what is a distillate?

Answer 4

same as refluxing except the liquid drains into another flask

Question 5

what is nucleophilic aliphatic substitution?

Answer 5

alcohol + acid -> alkyl halide + water

Question 6

RDS in SN1?

Answer 6

loss of water after OH is protonated by acid

occurs when more stable carbocation forms

Question 7

RDS in SN2?

Answer 7

halide attacking C with protonated OH2

no carbocation bc unstable

Question 8

what is the purpose of ailver ion in SN1 rxn?

Answer 8

forms precipitate AgCl to indicate rxn has occured