Lab Midterms Flashcards
Other name for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Marchiafava-Micheli Syndrome
Rare and potentially life threatening disease of the blood characterized by complement induced hemolytic anemia
PNH
How is sleeping associated with PNH?
Blood pH becomes acidic during sleep which leads to hemolysis of RBC
Screening test in which px RBCs are placed in low-ionic strength solution and observed for hemolysis
Sugar or sucrose lysis test
Specific test for PNH
Ham’s acid hemolysis
He described the test for PNH in 1937
Dr. Thomas Ham
Gold standard, rapid and sensitive test for PNH
Flow cytometry
Reagent added in Ham’s acid hemolysis test
0.5ml of 0.2N HCl
Another term for sickle cell disease/anemia
Drepanocytosis
Genetic blood disorder characterized by abnormal, rigid and sickled RBCs
Sickle cell disease/anemia or drepanocytosis
Chemical deoxygenizers
2% sodium metabisulfite
2% sodium sodium dithionite
2% ascorbic acid
Best method for sickle cell determination
Daland and Da Silva Method
Presence of sickle hemoglobin can be demonstrated with
Sickle solubility test
Tests for sickle cell anemia determination
Daland and Da Silva
Sherman’s test
Test that follows the law of osmosis, in which there is a transfer of solution from lower to higher concentration
EOFT
RBC + hypertonic solution = ?
Shrinking/crenating
RBC + hypotonic solution = ?
Swelling/bursting
These cells are fragile due to increased osmotic fragility index
Spherical cells
Resistant cell due to low osmotic fragility index
Sickle cell
Hemolysis of normal cells begin in ? % salt solution
0.39-0.45% salt solution
Complete hemolysis of normal cells occur in ? % salt solution
0.30-0.33% salt solution
This test’s principle is on the stability of red cells under different concentration of hypotonic sodium chloride solutions
Sanford method
Automated method for EOFT
Fragillograph
Blood is diluted in hypotonic saline and buffered to pH 7.4 wih phosphate
Dacie’s method
Conditions that cause increased EOFT
Hemolytic anemia
Spherocytosis
In the case of spherocytosis, IH occurs at ? and CH at ?
IH = tube 24 CH = tube 20
Severe IDA: IH and CH?
IH = tube 19 CH = tube 15
Standard factor for concentration of NaCl
0.02
Protects cell from complement
CD59
For early complement activation
CD55
Protein absent in PNH
GPI Protein
Test for cold hemolysin
Donath Landsteiner
Cold Ab in Donath Landsteiner is associated with this blood group system
P Blood group system
What Ig class is a Donath Landsteiner cold hemolysin?
IgG
Principle of Donath Landsteiner
Raynaud’s phenomenon
Stain for differentiation of AML from ALL, stains granules black
Sudan Black B
Helpful in diagnosing erythroleukemia
Periodic acid schiff
Differentiates myeloblastic and monoblastic leukemias from lymphoblastic leukemias
Periodic acid schiff
Basic fuchsin dye in PAS
Schiff’s reagent
Color of PAS stain
Magenta to purple
Other term for specific esterase
Naphthol AS-D Chloroacetate
Granules of myeloblasts stain blue-black
Stains neutrophilic granulocytes
Differentiates monoblasts and myeloblasts
Specific esterase
Other term for nonspecific esterase
Alpha-Naphthyl Acetate
Added to inhibit activity of nonspecific esterase in monocytes
Na fluoride
