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biol 321 > lab midterm > Flashcards

lab midterm Flashcards

1
Q

name of spaghetti worms

A

family terebellidae

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2
Q

appendages on family terebellidae

A

long tentacles for feeding (muscular contraction) - selective deposit feeders

gills (branchial tentacles) - for gas exchange - red bc blood here contains hemoglobin bc oxygen low in some environments (anoxic) - hemoglobin helps to pull oxygen into the body, despite the low partial pressure

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3
Q

lifecycle of trematode

A
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4
Q

lifecycle of schyphozoan

A
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5
Q

duglesia

A

flat worm w hammer head thing little cross eyes

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6
Q

how do rotifers reproduce ?

A
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7
Q

what is a gemmule and parts of it

A
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8
Q

nereis erantid info (eating and parts)

A

parts:

chaetae - supported by chitinous rods called aciculae

top part - notopodium
bottom part - neuropodium

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9
Q

feather duster worm name

A

family sabellidae

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10
Q

giant hot vent worm name

A

siboglinidae

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11
Q

leech name

A

hirudinean

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12
Q

aurelia

A

moon jellyfish - schyphozoan

rhopalia - statocyst (gravity receptor), photoreceptor cells, chemoreceptor cells

schyphozoans are gonochoristic - gametes arise from gastrodermal epithelial cells
— in Aurelia lifecycle is same from exam

scyphistomae - solitary polyps produce new individuals by asexual budding

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13
Q

hydrozoans

A

hydromedusae - generally smaller and deeper bell than schyphomedusae — known by VELUM (rim of muscular tissue projecting inward along peripheral margin of bell)

velum - controls the size of subumbrellar aperture during jet propulsion and can be aimed for direction in water column

DO NOT HAVE RHOPALIA - but do have sensory structures

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14
Q

what features demonstrate cephalization ?

A

platyhelminthes

sensory structures concentrated at one end - the end that leads during locomotion — had definitive head end

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15
Q

what features demonstrate bilateral symmetry ?

A

platyhelminthes - Duglesia

2 eyes spots and lateral “horns”

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16
Q

three body forms of sponges

A

asconoid - minute, vase shaped, choanocytes line central spongocoel

syconoid - larger, vase shaped, multiple choanocyte lined chambers each open directly into central spongocoel

leuconoid - massive forms, spongocoel replaced with extensive system of choanocyte lined chambers that are interconnected by canals

17
Q

what is the advantage of increasing the surface area of the choanoderm relative to the volume of the sponge?

A

ability to bring more water thru - filters more

18
Q

3 classes of sponges and features

A

class calcera : spicules composed of calcium carbonate - only class of porifera that has some w asconoid construction but shows all
ex// grantia

class demospongiae : most marine and all fresh water species belong here. all have leuconoid body architecture. either spongin, siliceous spicules or both - NONE have calcareous spicules

class hexactinellida : spicules of silica dioxide - three axes or 6 spicule end points — glass sponges syncytial

19
Q

spicules

A

demosponges - monoaxons (1 axis)

Grantia (calcera) - triaxon (3 axes) and triactine (3 end points)

glass sponges (hexactinellid) - triaxon (3 axes) and hexactine (6 end points)

20
Q

lifecycle of fluke (trematode)

A

clonorchis sinensis

  1. adult trematode in bile duct of definitive human host
  2. egg passed thru human feces
  3. egg eaten by snail - miracidium in water
  4. snail = intermediate host — here trematode goes thru stages (miracidium, sporocyst, redia, cercariae)
  5. swimming cercariae from snail burrows into fish
  6. fish = intermediate host (metacercaria encysted)
  7. uncooked fish eaten by human

adult trematode back in human

21
Q

body regions of cestode - name

A

Taenia

parts specialized for parasitism

scolex - rostellum, sucker, neck — anchor to intestinal wall

tegument - for direct absorption of nutrients from hosts intestine

mature proglottid

gravid proglottid - uterine branches filled w eggs

BOTH proglottids contain entire female and male reproductive systems

22
Q

attachment organs in cestodes vs trematodes

A

cestodes sometimes have head w suckers and hooks

trematodes have a head w suckers but no hooks

23
Q

cestodes vs trematodes offspring production

A

both PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES

cestodes = Taenia

trematode = flukes (Clonorchis sinesis)

cestodes and trematodes are hermaphroditic — have both female and male reproductive organs. but cestodes can also sexually reproduce

24
Q

errantid vs sedentarid

A

ERRANTID ANNELIDS:
clam worms, rag worms, piling worms, blood worms

have eversible pharynx w JAWS - capture prey or shred kelp

  • head appendages for sensory reception

SEDENTARID ANNELIDS :
eversible pharynx NO JAWS

  • head appendages for feeding

spaghetti worms (terebellidae)
lug worms (arenicolidae)
feather duster worms (sabellidae)
hot vent worms (siboglinidae)

25
Q

lug worms

A

j shaped burrows

deposit feeding

Arenicolites

26
Q

nemertea cross section example

A

Paranemertes peregrina

biol 321 (7 decks)

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