general invert knowledge

Question 1

metazoan definition

Answer 1

• animals composed of cells differentiated into tissues and organs
• usually w/ a digestive cavity lined w/ specialized digestive cells

Question 2

components of the metazoan pie

Answer 2

• 95% invertebrates
• 5 % vertebrates

— lots of arthropods - mostly beetles

Question 3

are all of the invertebrates discovered ?

Answer 3

no, still being discovered — ex// bone eating worm

Question 4

what are symbionts and a marine example ?

Answer 4

nearly all organisms have them, including us

symbionts change phenotype of organism

collaborative community is call holobiont — symbiont and organism

ex// sea anemone
OR coral and dinoflagellates

Question 5

what is a holobiont ?

Answer 5

collaborative community of symbionts and host

Question 6

3 lifestyles of invertebrates and examples of each

Answer 6

sessile: lives in one place, attached to bottom — ex// sponges and hard coral polyps

sedentary: lives in one place, unattached, and can rarely move — ex// sea anemones, clams, scallops

motile: can move long distances (motile or vagile) — ex// sea stars and octopus

Question 7

what might be an advantage and disadvantage to being sessile vs motile ?

Answer 7

• movement energetically taxing therefore being sessile allows for less nutrient intake bc of low metabolic rate
• being motile allows for seeking out food, mating partners, and escaping predators

Question 8

are organisms always sessile or motile ?

Answer 8

no, thru different ontogeny and stages, some can do both in their lifetime

Question 9

what are the exceptions to sessile lifestyles ?

Answer 9

sponges and hard corals have motile larval stages before they become sessile

hard corals have most polyps that are always sessile (reproduce asexually thru budding)

sea anemones are typically sessile but can detach and move if threatened (but energetically taxing)