Lab Med Midterm pt 3 Flashcards
AST: H ALT: H LD: H ALP: H TP: N ALB: N BILI: H AMM: N
Hepatitis
AST: N ALT: N LD: N ALP: N/H TP: L ALB: L BILI: H AMM: H
Cirrhosis
AST: N ALT: N LD: N ALP: H TP: N ALB: N BILI: N/H
Obstruct
AST: N/H ALT: N/H LD: H ALP: H TP: N ALB: N BILI: N/H
Tumor
AST: H++ ALT: H LD: H ALP: H TP: L ALB: L BILI: H
Failure
alcoholic hepatitis has what unique test result?
AST > ALT
Liver enzyme that is increased by heavy alcohol intake and by many other conditions that affect the liver
Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)
__ is used to distinquish chronic granulocytic leukemia from Leukemoid reactions.
LAP stain
Gradual or sudden severe epigastric pain that radiates to the back
Weight loss are key signs of:
Pancreatitis
Serum Amylase & Lipase - 3x over upper limit of normal is a big sign of:
Acute Pancreatitis
__ is the controlling factor for calcium and phosphorus.
PTH
What test Differentiates pancreatitis from other acute abdominal disorders?
Amylase level
ECG changes in myocardial infarction
ST elevation
3 cardiac tests (besides EKG)
Coronary angiography is often done right away or when the patient is stable.
Exercise stress test
Nuclear stress test
The main 3 cardiac enzymes measured are:
troponin I, creatine phosphokinase (CPK, CK) and LDH-1
Normal LD isoenzyme electrophoresis:
What makes it abnormal?
LD-2 > LD-1 > LD-3 > LD-4 > LD-5
Abnormal has 1 > 2
Wanna have Triglycerides <__
<200
(2)__ can increase TG and decrease HDL
Thiazide diuretics & B-blockers
Increase in __ is associated with Folic acid deficiency and abnormal B12 metabolism
What level?
Homocysteine
4-14 micromole/L
A protein that elevates during any inflammatory process
Recommended level?
C-Reactive Protein
<3mg for heart protection
Important in study of atherosclerosis
Apoliprotein A & B
Apo A is main component of HDL
Apo B is main component of LDL & VLDL
5 types of specimen and how to get the best sample possible for each:
blood – sterile, more is better
sputum – not sterile, first morning specimen, not saliva
urine – mid-stream clean catch, morning is best
wound (tissue) – number of bacteria is important
spinal fluid – sterile, techniques, special kit
5 things labeled on each specimen:
PATIENT’S NAME ID# SOURCE OF SPECIMEN CLINICIAN NAME DATE AND HOUR
Color top? chemistry, serology, clotted blood specimen to blood bank
Red
Color top? CBC. Fill more than half way, invert 7-10 times
Lavender
Color top? Coagulation studies, PT/PTT, factor assays. Must fill to capacity, invert 7-10 times
Light blue
Color top? Sedimentation Rate
Black
Color top? ABG, special tests
Green
Color top? glucose levels, glucose tolerance
Gray
Color top? blood culture
Yellow
Color top? toxicology
Royal Blue
Color top? (clot activator for serum separation) – chemistry ,invert gently, clots within 30 minutes, must centrifuge
Gold/red marbled top
