Lab Med Midterm pt 3

Question 1

AST: H
ALT: H
LD: H
ALP: H
TP: N
ALB: N
BILI: H
AMM: N

Answer 1

Hepatitis

Question 2

AST: N
ALT: N
LD: N
ALP: N/H
TP: L
ALB: L
BILI: H
AMM: H

Answer 2

Cirrhosis

Question 3

AST: N
ALT: N
LD: N
ALP: H
TP: N
ALB: N
BILI: N/H

Answer 3

Obstruct

Question 4

AST: N/H
ALT: N/H
LD: H
ALP: H
TP: N
ALB: N
BILI: N/H

Answer 4

Tumor

Question 5

AST: H++
ALT: H
LD: H
ALP: H
TP: L
ALB: L
BILI: H

Answer 5

Failure

Question 6

alcoholic hepatitis has what unique test result?

Answer 6

AST > ALT

Question 7

Liver enzyme that is increased by heavy alcohol intake and by many other conditions that affect the liver

Answer 7

Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)

Question 8

__ is used to distinquish chronic granulocytic leukemia from Leukemoid reactions.

Answer 8

LAP stain

Question 9

Gradual or sudden severe epigastric pain that radiates to the back
Weight loss are key signs of:

Answer 9

Pancreatitis

Question 10

Serum Amylase & Lipase - 3x over upper limit of normal is a big sign of:

Answer 10

Acute Pancreatitis

Question 11

__ is the controlling factor for calcium and phosphorus.

Answer 11

PTH

Question 12

What test Differentiates pancreatitis from other acute abdominal disorders?

Answer 12

Amylase level

Question 13

ECG changes in myocardial infarction

Answer 13

ST elevation

Question 14

3 cardiac tests (besides EKG)

Answer 14

Coronary angiography is often done right away or when the patient is stable.
Exercise stress test
Nuclear stress test

Question 15

The main 3 cardiac enzymes measured are:

Answer 15

troponin I, creatine phosphokinase (CPK, CK) and LDH-1

Question 16

Normal LD isoenzyme electrophoresis:

What makes it abnormal?

Answer 16

LD-2 > LD-1 > LD-3 > LD-4 > LD-5

Abnormal has 1 > 2

Question 17

Wanna have Triglycerides <__

Answer 17

<200

Question 18

(2)__ can increase TG and decrease HDL

Answer 18

Thiazide diuretics & B-blockers

Question 19

Increase in __ is associated with Folic acid deficiency and abnormal B12 metabolism
What level?

Answer 19

Homocysteine

4-14 micromole/L

Question 20

A protein that elevates during any inflammatory process

Recommended level?

Answer 20

C-Reactive Protein

<3mg for heart protection

Question 21

Important in study of atherosclerosis

Answer 21

Apoliprotein A & B
Apo A is main component of HDL
Apo B is main component of LDL & VLDL

Question 22

5 types of specimen and how to get the best sample possible for each:

Answer 22

blood – sterile, more is better
sputum – not sterile, first morning specimen, not saliva
urine – mid-stream clean catch, morning is best
wound (tissue) – number of bacteria is important
spinal fluid – sterile, techniques, special kit

Question 23

5 things labeled on each specimen:

Answer 23

PATIENT’S NAME
ID#
SOURCE OF SPECIMEN
CLINICIAN NAME
DATE AND HOUR

Question 24

Color top? chemistry, serology, clotted blood specimen to blood bank

Answer 24

Red

Question 25

Color top? CBC. Fill more than half way, invert 7-10 times

Answer 25

Lavender

Question 26

Color top? Coagulation studies, PT/PTT, factor assays. Must fill to capacity, invert 7-10 times

Answer 26

Light blue

Question 27

Color top? Sedimentation Rate

Answer 27

Black

Question 28

Color top? ABG, special tests

Answer 28

Green

Question 29

Color top? glucose levels, glucose tolerance

Answer 29

Gray

Question 30

Color top? blood culture

Answer 30

Yellow

Question 31

Color top? toxicology

Answer 31

Royal Blue

Question 32

Color top? (clot activator for serum separation) – chemistry ,invert gently, clots within 30 minutes, must centrifuge

Answer 32

Gold/red marbled top