Lab Med Midterm pt 2

Question 1

What type of WBC causes Leukocystosis?

Answer 1

Neutrophils
It’s also called Neutropenia
Absolute neutrophil count < 1000 in African-Americans)

Question 2

Level found in Neutrophilia

Answer 2

Absolute neutrophil count > 8000/cu mm or >70%
Acute infections
Localized (pneumonia, meningitis, tonsillitis)
Generalized (rheumatic fever, septicemia)
Inflammation (e.g., vasculitis)
Intoxications
Tissue necrosis (MI, tumor necrosis, burns)
Hypoxia and stress
Corticosteroid administration - Peak in 4-6 hours, return to normal in 24 hours.
Epinephrine

Question 3

Lymphocytosis levels

Answer 3

> 4000/cu mm in adults

Question 4

Lymphocytopenia levels

Answer 4

<1500/cu mm in adults

Question 5

Which 2 WBC can do phagocytosis?

Answer 5

Eosinophils and Basophils

Question 6

WBC > 100,000 is a sign of

Answer 6

Leukemia

Question 7

WBC usually < 50,000 is a sign of

Answer 7

Leukemoid Reaction

Question 8

The 3 L’s of wbc’s:

Answer 8

Left shift: Increased number of immature forms (bands). Historical reference
Leukemoid Reaction: May be myelocytic, lymphocytic or monocytic.
Leukemia: Progressive proliferation of abnormal leukocytes

Question 9

Which Leukemia?

Incidence: 75% are less than 15 yo (3-7 yo)

Answer 9

ALL – Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Question 10

Which Leukemia?

Incidence increases with age (65 yo)

Answer 10

AML – Acute Myelocytic Leukemia

Question 11

Which Leukemia?
B cell derived
Incidence > 60 yo, most common leukemia in Western Hemisphere

Answer 11

CLL - Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia

Question 12

Which Leukemia?

Philadelphia chromosome in WBCs

Answer 12

CML – Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia

Question 13

ELLIPTOCYTOSIS in RBC’s is due to a defect in the membrane called:

Answer 13

Spectrin

Question 14

Presents with sudden onset of bleeding,

and ultimately causes thrombotic occlusion

Answer 14

D.I.C: Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy

Question 15

What is the hallmark sign of Hemophilia A?

Answer 15

Profuse bleeding

Question 16

Hemophilia A

Deficiency of clotting factor _

Answer 16

Clotting factor VIII

Question 17

Which is Classic Hemophilia since it represents 80% of all hemophilia cases?

Answer 17

Hemophilia A

Question 18

The 2 important clotting factors in Hemophilia are:

Answer 18

Clotting factors VIII (A) and IX (B)

Question 19

What condition is also known as Christmas disease?

Answer 19

Hemophilia B

Question 20

What is Thrombocytopenia?

Answer 20

Low Platelet count <150,000/mm3

Question 21

A low Platelet count <150,000/mm3 is the sign for which disorder?

Answer 21

Thrombocytopenia

Question 22

Prothrombin time normal values

Answer 22

11.0- 13.0 seconds

Question 23

Which clotting factors are Extrinsic? Intrinsic?

Answer 23

Extrinsic: VII
Intrinsic: XII, XI, IX, VIII

Question 24

Blood banking for anemia is unique why? (3)

Answer 24

Component therapy rather than whole blood.
Depends on donor program – How was your experience?
Involves donor interview, blood testing and processing.

Question 25

Tests done for a blood transfusion (4)

Answer 25

(Type) – A, B, AB, O
Rh type (positive or negative) antibody
Antibody Screen (Coomb’s test)
Type and Cross for # units of blood

Question 26

5 things on the NIH consensus for a patient to require a transfusion:

Answer 26

Hgb 
Hct 
Platelets 
FFP 
Cryoprecipitate

Question 27

List 7 risks of RBC transfusion in the USA.

Answer 27

Febrile non-hemolytic RXN
Minor allergic reactions
Bacterial contamination
Viral Hepatitis
Hemolytic transfusion rxn  Fatal
Immunosuppression
HIV infection

Question 28

Never order 1 unit of ___ b/c of it raises HCT and Hbt1

Answer 28

Packed RBC’s

Question 29

the BEST single screening test for platelet function disorders

Answer 29

Bleeding time