lab finale Flashcards
What is tidal volume?
quiet breathing,amt of (vol) of air contained in the lungs during a normal breath (inhale/exhale)
Inspiratory reserve
the amt of air inahled during a deep breath
expiratory reserve
The amt of air exhaled “forcibly” ex) vigorous exercise
Vital capacity
The total amt of air that can be “forcibly” exhaled after deepest breath possible
Residual volume
the amt of air that remains after a forced exhale
Explain inspiration
Inahle,diaphram contracts,intercoastals contract,ribcage pulls up.Larger vol,low pressure
Explain Expiration
Exhale,diaphram relaxes, intercostals,drop ribcage. Decreased vol, increased pressure
Explain models that can be used to imitate the stuctures of the Resp.system
Using a model lung apparatus. The plastic bell acts as the thoracic cavity and the rubber sheet stretched across acts as the diaphragm. The balloon inside acts as the lungs. Then theres a hole at the top that cats as the mouth,pharnyx and trachea
What is the pleural sac?
The pleural sac is a double-layered membrane that surrounds the lungs.
What is one of the main functions of the pleural sac?
To reduce friction between the lungs and the chest wall during breathing.
Key factors that effect enzyme activity
Temperature, no presence of substrate or enzyme
What is the substrate for the enzyme amylase?
Starch (pancreatic/salivary) polysaccharide-Di and monosaccharide
True or False: Lipase enzymes break down proteins.
False
Which enzyme is responsible for the hydrolysis of fats?
Lipase
Multiple Choice: Which of the following enzymes acts on nucleic acids? A) Amylase B) Protease C) Nuclease D) Lipase
C) Nuclease
What is the substrate for trypsin?
Proteins or peptides containing lysine or arginine residues.
(protease) Polypetide-amenio acid
What is the primary substrate for the synthesis of bile salts?
Cholesterol
(Liver-gallbladder) “emuslifier” increases surface area of lipids (triglycerides) for lipase
Lists substrates
Starch(polysaccharide)plants-maltose
BAPNA(synthetic,lab created, polypeptide that is also a reagent
Litmus cream(heavy cream, high fat)mixed with litmus reagent for ph determination
what does the presence of Keytones in urine mean?
Keytouria-diabetes mellitus and diet
what does the presence of glucose in urine mean?
Glycosuria-diabetes mellitus (type 1 and 2)
what does the presence of protein in urine mean?
Proteinuria-kidney damage (infection/cancer)
what does the presence of blood/erythrocytes in urine mean?
Hematuria-UTI, kidney infection, cancer
what does the presence of Bilirubin in urine mean?
Bilirubinuria-liver damage,hepatitis,cancer,cirrhosis
what does the presence of Leukocytes in urine mean?
Pyuria-UTI,kidey infection
