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fetal pig Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of the mouth?

A

Enables food intake, chewing, and swallowing, and plays a role in speech and breathing. (Axial,cephalic)

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2
Q

What are the external nares?

A

Openings that allow air to enter the nasal cavity, crucial for respiration.
(axial, cephalic)

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3
Q

What is the role of the rostrum

A

Primary organ for respiration and smell, filtering, warming, and moistening inhaled air.(axial, cephalic)

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4
Q

What does the tongue do?

A

Facilitates eating, swallowing, speaking, and tasting.(axial, cephalic)

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5
Q

What is the function of the auricle/pinna?

A

Collects and funnels sound waves into the ear canal.(axial, cephalic)

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6
Q

What do the eyes enable?

A

Vision by capturing light and converting it into electrical signals.(axial, cephalic)

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7
Q

What is the primary function of the mammary papillae?

A

Facilitate milk ejection during lactation.(axial, abdominal)

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8
Q

What is the function of the umbilical cord?

A

Connects the fetus to the placenta, facilitating exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste. (axial, umbilical)

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9
Q

What does the anus do?

A

Facilitates bowel movements by allowing stool to exit the body.(axial, pelvic)

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10
Q

What are the functions of the fore/hind limbs in humans?

A

Essential for movement, locomotion, and manipulation. (appendicular)

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11
Q

What is the primary function of the thymus?

A

Development and maturation of T cells for immune response. (axial,thoratcic)

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12
Q

What does the thyroid gland produce?

A

Hormones (T3, T4, calcitonin) that regulate metabolism, growth, and calcium homeostasis. (axial,cervical)

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13
Q

What is the role of the larynx?

A

Acts as a gateway for air to enter the lungs and houses the vocal cords.(axial,cervical)

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14
Q

What does the trachea do?

A

Transports air to and from the lungs.(axial,cervical)

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15
Q

What is the primary function of the heart?

A

Pumps oxygenated blood to the body and receives deoxygenated blood.(axial,throacic)

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16
Q

What do the lungs facilitate?

A

Gas exchange, taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide.(axial,throacic)

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17
Q

What does the diaphragm do?

A

Facilitates inhalation and exhalation by expanding and contracting the chest cavity. Separates chest and abdominal cavities
(axial,throacic).

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18
Q

What is the aorta?

A

The main vessel carrying oxygen-rich blood from the heart.(axial,throacic)

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19
Q

What does the brachiocephalic trunk supply?

A

Blood to the right side of the head, neck, and right upper limb by dividing into the right common carotid and right
subclavian arteries (axial,thoracic)

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20
Q

What are the common carotid arteries responsible for?

A

Supplying oxygen-rich blood to the head and neck including the brain, face, and neck, and they
bifurcate into the internal and external carotid arteries. (axial,cervical)

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21
Q

What is the role of the submandibular gland?

A

Produces saliva that lubricates the mouth and aids in digestion. Axial, cephalic

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22
Q

What is the hard palate?

A

Bony structure forming the roof of the mouth, crucial for feeding and speech.
Axial, cephalic

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23
Q

What does the soft palate do?

A

Plays roles in breathing, swallowing, and speech.
Axial, cephalic

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24
Q

What is the function of the pharynx?

A

Connects the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx and esophagus.
Axial, cephalic

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25
What does the epiglottis do?
Protects the airway by covering the larynx during swallowing. Axial, cervical
26
What does the esophagus do?
Transports food and liquids from the mouth to the stomach. Axial, cervical, thoracic, abdominal
27
What is the peritoneum?
Serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and organs. functions to support, protect, and Lubricate abdominal organs, and serves as a conduit for blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics Axial, abdominal
28
What are the functions of the liver?
Detoxification, metabolism, and bile production. Axial, abdominal
29
What does the gallbladder do?
Stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver. Axial, abdominal
30
What is the primary function of the stomach?
Mechanically and chemically breakdown food and begin protein digestion. Axial, abdominal
31
What does the pancreas do?
a dual-function organ in the abdomen, playing roles in both digestion (exocrine) and blood sugar regulation (endocrine). It produces enzymes for digestion and hormones like insulin and glucagon to control blood sugar Axial, abdominal
32
What is the function of the spleen?
Filters blood,removing old and damaged cells and plays a role in the immune system. Axial, abdominal
33
What does the small intestine primarily do?
Digest food and absorb nutrients. Axial, abdominal
34
What are mesenteries?
Double layer of peritoneum anchoring the intestines and providing pathways for blood vessels. Axial, abdominal
35
What does the large intestine do?
Absorbs water and electrolytes from undigested food. Axial, abdominal
36
What is the cecum?
First part of the large intestine, absorbs water and salts from chyme. Axial, abdominal
37
What does the rectum do?
Temporary storage site for feces. Axial, pelvic
38
What do the kidneys do?
Filter blood, remove waste, and maintain fluid balance. Axial, abdominal
39
What are ureters?
Muscular tubes transporting urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Axial, abdominal
40
What is the function of the bladder?
Stores urine produced by the kidneys. Axial, pelvic
41
What does the Penis do?
Delivers sperm during sexual intercourse and expels urine. Axial, pelvic
42
What is the function of the scrotal sac?
Protects the testicles and regulates their temperature. Axial, pelvic
43
What does the epididymis do?
Matures and stores sperm. Axial, pelvic
44
What does the spermatic cord contain?
a paired cord-like structure, suspends the testicle within the scrotum and contains blood vessels, nerves, and the vas deferens Axial, pelvic
45
What are the testes responsible for?
Making sperm and producing testosterone. Axial, pelvic
46
What do ovaries do?
Produce and release eggs and secrete reproductive hormones. Axial, pelvic
47
What is the function of the uterus?
Plays a crucial role in menstruation, pregnancy, and childbirth, housing and nourishing a developing fetus. Axial, pelvic
48
What are the uterine horns?
n humans, the uterus is a single, pear-shaped organ with a single chamber, and the fallopian tubes connect directly to the upper part of the uterus, not to distinct "horns". Distinct structures in many mammals where fallopian tubes that connect. Axial, pelvic
49
What does the vagina do?
Acts as a passage for menstrual flow, childbirth, and sexual intercourse. Axial, pelvic
50
What is the genital papilla?
In fetal pigs: Marks the urogenital opening in females. Axial, pelvic
51
What does the umbilical artery/vein contain?
The umbilical cord contains one vein carrying oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the placenta to The fetus and two arteries carrying deoxygenated blood and waste products from the fetus to the placenta for processing. Axial, umbilical
52
What is the function of the spinal cord?
Conduit for nerve signals between the brain and the body. Axial, dorsal (spinal cavity/canal)
53
What is the Urethra?
via muscular contractions and nerve signals
54
What does the tail do?
In pig anatomy, the tail primarily functions as a welfare indicator (emotional state), a tool for communication, and, to a lesser extent, for protection against insects (caudal,axial)
55
what do the Subclavian arteries do?
paired major arteries below the clavicles, are the primary blood supply to the upper extremities (Axial,thoracic)
56
What does the Axillary artery do?
to supply oxygenated blood to the upper limb, as well as the lateral aspect of the thorax and the axilla (armpit), continuing from the subclavian artery as it passes under the first rib. (axial,axillary)
57
what does the Brachial artery do?
(Appendicular, brachial) supply oxygenated blood to the arm, forearm, and hand, acting as the main blood vessel for the upper extremity. It branches into the radial and ulnar arteries at the elbow, which then supply the forearm and hand.
58
what does the Radial artery do?
(Appendicular, antebrachial) It branches into the radial and ulnar arteries at the elbow, which then supply the forearm and hand.
59
What does the ulnar artery do?
(Appendicular, antebrachial) It branches into the radial and ulnar arteries at the elbow, which then supply the forearm and hand.
60
What does the Intercostal arteries do?
(Axial, thoracic) originating from the thoracic aorta and internal thoracic arteries, supply blood to the intercostal spaces, providing oxygen and nutrients to the muscles, skin, and parietal pleura within the chest wall

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