Lab Final Exam! Flashcards
What do nucleic acids do?
Store, transmit, & help express hereditary information
What is the structural difference between DNA & RNA?
DNA is double-stranded & RNA is single-stranded
What is the correct pairing of nitrogenous bonds?
A=T; G=C
What makes up chromatin?
DNA & histone proteins
What is the most important function that RNA is responsible for?
Protein Synthesis
What is the enzyme that unwinds the DNA strands during DNA replication?
Helicase
Where is the only location that DNA Polymerase can add new nucleotides on to during replication?
3’ prime end with the OH group
What is the lagging strand initially made of during DNA replication?
Okazaki fragments
Who took photo 51, that showed that the DNA molecule was in fact a double helix?
Rosalind Franklin
Why do we use strawberries for our DNA extraction?
They have a lot of DNA in each nucleus
What specifically detaches the cell and nuclear membranes away from the DNA?
The hydrophobic tail of the detergent molecule
The hollow rod made of tubulin proteins that makes up part of the cytoskeleton in all eukaryotic cells is called the:
Microtubule
What is the first stage of Interphase and what is happening?
G1 Phase: Increase cytoplasm, cell growth, make more organelles & proteins/enzymes
What is the second stage of Interphase and what is happening?
S Phase: DNA replication
What is the third stage of Interphase and what is happening?
G2 Phase: Increase cytoplasm, cell growth, make more organelles & proteins/enzymes
Label these four phases of mitosis.
Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase
Describe the difference between a diploid cell and a haploid cell.
Diploid has 2 sets of chromosomes, haploid only has one set of chromosomes
What happens during the “crossing over” event of meiosis?
Homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information