Lab Final

Question 1

What do the colors of the hazard diamond stand for?

Answer 1

Red-Flammable
Blue-Health
Yellow-Reactivity
White-Special

Question 2

What is the difference between serum and plasma?

Answer 2

Serum has no anticoagulant, plasma has anticoagulant

Question 3

Accuracy

Answer 3

How close a test result is to the true value

Question 4

Precision

Answer 4

Describes how close the test results are when they are repeated

Question 5

Quality Control

Answer 5

A process that monitors the accuracy and precision of results through use of control systems

Question 6

Calibration

Answer 6

The comparison of an instrument measure or reading to a known physical constant

Question 7

Standards

Answer 7

Highly purified substances of known value used for calibration

Question 8

Sensitive

Answer 8

The proportion of cases with a specific disease that gives a positive result (fewer false negatives)

Question 9

Specificity

Answer 9

The proportion of cases with an absence of disease that gives a negative result (fewer false positive)

Question 10

Renal Epi Cells

Answer 10

Epi cells that come from the Nephron and are not normally seen in the urine

Question 11

Transitional Epi Cells

Answer 11

Epi cells that come from the uterers and bladder and are not normally seen in the urine

Question 12

Squamous Epi Cells

Answer 12

Epi cells tat come from the urethra and are normally found in the urine

Question 13

First morning Urine

Answer 13

Concentrated urine where formed elements are better presented

Question 14

Random Urine

Answer 14

Most common urine sample, includes clean catch, may not accurately reflect condition

Question 15

Timed Urine

Answer 15

Urine test done on diurnally variable disorders, often a preservative is added, regulation of food and drugs often required

Question 16

Urine

Answer 16

An ultrafiltrate of plasma

Question 17

How can light and temperature effect a urine sample?

Answer 17

Oxidation/reduction of solutes, bacterial growth increasing nitrates and pH and decreasing glucose, Precipitation of solutes,

Question 18

What does a persitent foam upon shaking a urine sample mean about the sample?

Answer 18

Protein, white foam is albumin, yellow foam is bilirubin

Question 19

Hematuria

Answer 19

An increase in RBCs in the urine

Question 20

Leukocyte esterase

Answer 20

Looks for azurophilic granules of leukocytes in urine as an indication of infection

Question 21

Nitrate Urine Test

Answer 21

Looks for nitrate reducing bacteria, urine must be in bladder for at least 4 hours

Question 22

What is a normal glucose level?

Answer 22

less than 160-180 mg/gL

Question 23

Bright Field Microscopy

Answer 23

Most common

Question 24

Phase-Contrast Microscopy

Answer 24

Ideal for urine sediments, low refraction of living cells and components

Question 25

Polarizing Microscopy

Answer 25

Confirms presence of cholesterol

Question 26

Inference Contrast Microscopy

Answer 26

3-D images, high cost prevents use in most labs