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Muscle Gait > Lab Final > Flashcards

Lab Final Flashcards

1
Q

cervical rotation inclinometry

  • spots
  • arrow
  • plane
A
  • top of head and T1 (use headband)
  • red arrow!
  • transverse
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2
Q

Thoracic rotation inclinometrey

  • spots
  • arrow
  • plane
A
  • T1 and T12
  • red arrow
  • transverse
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3
Q

Lumbar rotation inclinometry

  • spots
  • arrow
  • plane
A
  • L1 and S2
  • red arrow
  • transverse plane
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4
Q

Cervical Lateral flexion inclinometry

  • spots
  • arrow
  • plane
A
  • top of head and T1 (headband)
  • yellow arrow
  • frontal plane
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5
Q

thoracic lateral flexion inclinometry

  • spots
  • arrow
  • plane
A
  • T1 and T12
  • yellow arrow
  • frontal plane
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6
Q

Lumbar lateral flexion inclinometry

  • spots
  • arrow
  • plane
A
  • L1 and S2
  • yellow arrow
  • frontal plane
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7
Q

cervical flex/ext inclinometry

  • spots
  • arrow
  • plane
A
  • top of head and T1(headband)
  • yellow arrow
  • sagittal plane
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8
Q

thoracic flex/ext inclinometry

  • spots
  • arrow
  • plane
A
  • T1 and T12
  • yellow arrow
  • sagittal plane
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9
Q

lumbar flex/ext inclinometry

  • spots
  • arrow
  • plane
A
  • top of head and T1 (headband)
  • yellow arrow
  • sagittal plane
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10
Q

Shoulder Flexion- Gonimetry

  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • normal ROM
A
  • sagittal plane around coronal axis
  • supine, arm by side on table
  • axis-head of humerus in glenoid fossa
  • proximal–mid axillary line
  • distal–midline of humerous, lateral epicondyle for ref
  • ROM 180
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11
Q

Shoulder extension Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • sagittal plane around coronal axis
  • prone, palm up, elbow straight
  • head of humerous
  • midaxillary line
  • midline of humerous, lateral epi
  • 60
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12
Q

Shoulder Abduction Goniometry

  • plane and axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • frontal plane, A-P axis
  • supine, forearm supinated, palm up
  • acromion process, A-P
  • parallel to sternum
  • midline of humerus
  • 180
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13
Q

Shoulder Adduction Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • *RED SCALE
  • frontal plane, A-P axis
  • supine, shoulder flexed 90, palm facing opposite shouler
  • acromion process
  • parallel to table, pointing away from head
  • anterior mid humeral line
  • 50
  • don’t let scapula raise, arm motion parallel to under their chin
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14
Q

Shoulder Internal Rotation Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • transverse plane, longitudinal axis
  • supine, scooted to edge of table, shoulder and elbow at 90, palm towards feet
  • olecranon
  • perpendicular to table toward floor
  • midline of forearm to ulnar styloid
  • 70
  • make sure shoulder doesn’t roll forward
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15
Q

Shoulder External Rotation Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • transverse plane, longitudinal axis
  • supine, shoulder and elbow at 90
  • olecranon
  • perpendicular to table toward floor
  • midline of forearm
  • 90
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16
Q

Elbow Flexion Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • sagittal plane, coronal axis
  • supine, forearm supinated
  • lateral epicondyle
  • midline humerus
  • midline forearm
  • 150
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17
Q

elbow extension goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • sagittal plane around coronal axis
  • supine, forearm supinated
  • lateral epicondyle
  • midline humerous
  • midline forearm
  • 0
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18
Q

Wrist Flexion Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • sagittal plane around coronal axis
  • supine, elbow at 90, palm facing feet
  • medial wrist thru pisiform
  • midline of forearm
  • along 5th finger
  • 80
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19
Q

Wrist Extension Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • sagittal plane around coronal axis
  • supine, elbow at 90, palm toward feet, make sure fingers relaxed
  • medial wrist thru pisiform
  • midline of forearm
  • along 5th finger
  • 70
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20
Q

Wrist Radial Deviation Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • frontal plane around A-P axis
  • supine, elbow 90, palm facing body
  • midline of wrist near capitate
  • midline of forearm
  • midline of third finger
  • 20
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21
Q

Wrist Ulnar Deviation Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • frontal plane around A-P axis
  • supine, elbow 90, palm facing body
  • midline of wrist near capitate
  • midline of forearm
  • thru third finger
  • 30
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22
Q

Hip Flexion Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • sagittal plane around coronal axis
  • supine, knee starts in extension but flexes as hip does, dont let opposite knee come off table
  • greater trochanter
  • midline of body
  • midline of femur
  • 120
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23
Q

Hip Extension Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • sagittal plane around coronal axis
  • prone, knee extended, don’t let either ASIS lift off table
  • greater trochanter
  • midline of body
  • midline of femur
  • 30
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24
Q

Hip Abduction Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • frontal plane around A-P axis
  • supine
  • over ASIS
  • over both ASIS, pt holds
  • midline of femur
  • 45
  • red scale
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25
Q

Hip Adduction Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • frontal plane around A-P axis
  • supine, opposite leg bent over side of table, and doc stands for stability
  • ASIS on side being tested
  • ASIS to ASIS, pt holds
  • midline femur
  • 30
  • red scale
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26
Q

Hip External Rotation Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • transverse plane around longitudinal axis
  • supine with hip and knee at 90, make sure leg doesn’t abduct, leg goes in
  • center of patella
  • parallel to side of table
  • midline of tibia
  • 45
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27
Q

Hip Internal Rotation Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • transverse plane around longitudinal axis
  • supine and hip and knee at 90, make sure thigh doesn’t abduct, leg goes out
  • center of patella
  • parallel to side of table
  • midline of tibia
  • 45
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28
Q

Knee flexion Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • sagittal plane around coronal axis
  • prone, knee extended
  • lateral condyle
  • midline of femur
  • midline of calf
  • 135
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29
Q

Knee Extension Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • sagittal plane around coronal axis
  • supine, knee extended
  • lateral condyle
  • midline of femur
  • midline of leg
  • 0
30
Q

Plantar Flexion Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • sagittal plane around coronal axis
  • prone, knee and foot at 90
  • lateral malleolus
  • midline of leg
  • parallel to 5th metatarsal
  • 50
  • red scale
31
Q

Ankle Dorsiflexion Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • sagittal plane around coronal axis
  • pone, knee and foot at 90
  • lateral malleolus
  • midline of leg
  • parallel to 5th metatarsal
  • 20
  • red scale
32
Q

Subtalar Inversion Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • frontal plane around A-P axis
  • prone, knee extended, foot off table
  • mid calcaneous between lateral and medial malleolus
  • midline of leg
  • midline of calcaneal bone
  • 5
33
Q

Subtalar Eversion Goniometry

  • plane/axis
  • position
  • axis
  • proximal arm
  • distal arm
  • ROM
A
  • frontal plane around A-P axis
  • prone, knee extended, foot off table
  • mid calcaneal bone b/t lateral and medial malleolus
  • midline of tibia
  • midline of calcaneal bone
  • 5
34
Q

Rules of muscle testing

A
  • test at halfway point of ROM
  • doctors vector is opposite action
  • test all bilaterally
35
Q

Extensor Hallicus Longus

  • Innervation
  • position
  • stabilze
  • pressure
A
  • Deep peroneal
  • supine
  • support calcaneous
  • against distal dorsal surface of big toe in direction of flexion
36
Q

Tibialis Anterior

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilze
  • pressure
A

-deep peroneal
-dorsiflexion and inversion
-
-against medial dorsum of foot in direction of down and out

37
Q

Peroneus longus and brevis

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • superficial peroneal
  • supine with foot medially rotated
  • calf above ankle joint
  • up and in
38
Q

Psoas Major

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • lumbar plexus
  • supine, legs in extension
  • opposite iliac crest
  • against anteromedial leg down and out
39
Q

Tensor Facia Lata

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • superior gluteal, L4, L5, S1
  • supine, leg abducted, flexed, medial rotated
  • opposite shin
  • against leg in direction of extension and adduction (down and in)
40
Q

Piriformis?

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • sacral plexus
  • supine, knee and hip at 90, lateral/external rotation
  • lower leg medial to lateral
  • against thigh lateral to medial (push knee toward body)
41
Q

Sartorius?

  • innervation
  • position
  • stablize
  • pressure
A
  • femoral, L2, L3
  • supine, lateral rotation, abduction and flexion of knee
  • above ankle
  • against anterolateral lower thigh in direction of hip extension, adduction and medial rotation? (push in and pull foot down)
42
Q

Soleus

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • tibial nerve
  • prone, knee flexed at 90
  • calcaneus
  • against forefoot in the direction of dorsiflexion
43
Q

Gastrocnemius

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • tibial
  • prone, leg straight off table
  • calcaneous
  • against forefoot in direction of dorsiflexion
44
Q

Medial Hamstring Group

  • muscles
  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • semitendinosus & semimembranosus
  • sciatic nerve, tibial branch
  • prone, flexion of knee with thigh in medial rotation and leg medially rotated on thigh
  • above knee but not on muscle
  • proximal leg in direction of knee extension
45
Q

Lateral Hamstrings

  • muscles
  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • biceps femoris
  • long head=tibial branch of sciatic and short head=peroneal branch of sciatic
  • prone, flexion of knee with thigh in lateral rotation and leg laterally rotated on thigh
  • above knee but do not cover muscle belly
  • against leg proximal to ankle in direction of knee extension
46
Q

Gluteus Maximus

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • inferior gluteal
  • prone with knee flexed to 90
  • above and below hip joint
  • against lower part of posterior thigh in direction of hip flexion
47
Q

Gluteus Medius

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • superior gluteal
  • pt on side with bottom knee flexed to 90, top leg extended
  • hip
  • down?
48
Q

Hip adductor group

  • muscles
  • innervations
  • position
  • pressure
A
  • adductor magnus- obturator and sciatic
  • adductor brevis and longus- obturator
  • gracilis-obturator
  • pectineus- obturator and femoral
  • pt on side, holds table, doc holds upper leg, pt moves lower leg into adduction
  • dr applies pressure in direction of abduction
49
Q

Quadriceps Group

  • muscles
  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius
  • femoral nerve
  • seated
  • below knee and under thigh
  • against leg above ankle in direction of flexion
50
Q

Pec Major Superior

  • Innervation
  • Position
  • Stabilization
  • Pressure
A
  • Lateral Pectoral N.
  • Supine, elbow extended, shoulder flexed 90* w/ slight medial rotation and adducted towards sternoclavicular jxn
  • Stabilize opposite shoulder
  • Pull just distal to elbow into horizontal abduction
51
Q

Pec Major Inferior

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilization
  • pressure
A
  • Lateral & medial Pectoral
  • Supine, elbow extended, shoulder flexed 90* and slight medial rotation
  • Stabilize opposite Iliac crest
  • Pressure obliquely against forearm, laterally and towards the cranium.
52
Q

Rectus Abdominus

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • iliohypogastric/ilioinguinal
  • supine, knees bent, feet flat
  • across knees
  • ask pt to perform partial sit up and cross arms, pressure against crossed arms from A to P
53
Q

Oblique abdominal group

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal
  • supine, arms crossed, knees bent, partial sit up, lat flex and rotate away from tested side
  • across knees
  • pressure against crossed arms A to P
54
Q

Teres Major

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • Lower sub scapular n
  • Prone, place their hand on their back so elbow sticks out
  • Stabilize opposite shoulder being tested
  • Pressure to move elbow into table (hand above their elbow)
55
Q

Anterior medial neck flexors

  • muscles and innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • scalenus Anticus, Medius, Posticus= C3-C8
  • longus colli and capitus= C1-C6
  • supine, head slightly 10d rotated to opposite side tested, pt lifts head
  • below head
  • pressure AtoP above hairline
56
Q

Posterior Neck Extensor

  • muscles
  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • semispinalis capitus, cervicis
  • splenuis capitus, cervicis
  • C1-C8
  • prone, head rotated 10d to same side, pt lifts head
  • below head
  • pressure form P-A
57
Q

Elbow Flexor Group

  • muscles
  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • biceps brachii, brachialis
  • musculocutaneous nerve
  • seated, arm at side, elbow at 90, palm up
  • stabilize above elbow
  • pressure in direction of extension
58
Q

Brachioradialis

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • radial nerve
  • seated, arm slightly away from side, elbow flexed at 90, palm toward midline
  • above elbow
  • direction of extension
59
Q

Triceps Brachii

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • radial nerve

- just like ortho

60
Q

Anterior Deltoid

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • axillary
  • seated, arm and elbow at 90, slightly anterior
  • above shoulder joint, stand behind
  • S to I and A to P (down and back)
61
Q

Middle Deltoid

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • axillary
  • seated, arm and elbow 90
  • stand behind, stabilize above shoulder
  • pressure straight down
62
Q

Posterior Deltoid

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • axillary
  • seated, arm and elbow at 90, slightly posterior
  • above shoulder
  • S to I and P to A (down and forward)
63
Q

Serratus Anterior

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilization
  • pressure
A
  • Long Thoracic N.
  • Supine, elbow extended, shoulder at 90*, patient projects arm forward
  • Stabilize under shoulder at inferior angle of scapula
  • Pressure arm down into table holding proximal to wrist
64
Q

Subscapularis

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • Upper & Lower Subscapular N.
  • Prone, laying close to opposite edge of table to support upper arm, elbow & shoulder 90* medially rotated
  • Stabilize under biceps
  • Pressure against forearm trying to externally rotate humerus
65
Q

Teres Minor

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • Axillary N.
  • Seated, elbow 90*, arm slightly abducted.
  • Stabilize upper arm proximal to elbow
  • Pressure forearm into their side to medially rotate humerus
66
Q

Trapezius Superior

  • innervation
  • position
  • pressure
A
  • Spinal Accessory N.
  • Seated, head laterally flexed to side tested, elevate that shoulder and rotate head away.
  • Pressure - against side of head and shoulder trying to separate them
67
Q

Rhomboids

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • Dorsal Scapular N
  • Seated, elbow flexed w/ shoulder slightly adducted
  • Stabilize ipsilateral shoulder
  • Pressure in slight circular/oblique motion drawing elbow forward and out
68
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • Thoracodorsal N
  • Standing, arm adducted w/ extension and medially rotated
  • Stabilize anterior shoulder being tested
  • Pressure against forearm P-A
69
Q

Supraspinatus

  • innervation
  • position
  • stabilize
  • pressure
A
  • Suprascapular N.
  • Standing, head laterally flexed to side tested, extend head and rotate away, abduct arm ~15-20*
  • Stabilize the opposite upper arm
  • Press on forearm lateral to medial
70
Q

when to use red scale goniometry

A 
Shoulder Adduction
Hip abduction
Hip adduction
ankle dorsiflexion
ankle plantar flexion
71
Q

SCM

A
  • spinal accessory nerve

- same test and anterior neck flexors

Muscle Gait (3 decks)

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