Lab Exercise nos. 1 and 2

Question 1

Humans

Answer 1

• show similarities and differences from each other

- of course, as one species, you expect that they share common characteristics, but there are differences as well

Question 2

Variations

Answer 2

1. Morphological Variation
2. Physiological Variation
3. Behavioral Variation
4. Sexual Variation

Question 3

Morphological Variation

Answer 3

structure

Question 4

Physiological Variation

Answer 4

function (or processes)

Question 5

Behavioral Variation

Answer 5

pattern of reactions or attitude

Question 6

Sexual Variation

Answer 6

1. Primary (male and female gonads’ distinction)
2. Secondary (other copulation related traits – humans, especially animals, have specific traits when they breed or copulate

Question 7

Continuous Variation Example

Answer 7

height and weight

Question 8

Discontinuous Variation Example

Answer 8

sex

Question 9

Individual traits come from ____

Answer 9

Individual traits can either came from maternal or paternal gene or combination of both parental genes

Question 10

Pedigree

Answer 10

Pedigree is used to look into a particular trait’s pattern of inheritance

Question 11

Genotype

Answer 11

• underlying instructions

- alleles present

Question 12

Phenotype

Answer 12

• visible trait, biochemical change, or effect on health

- alleles expressed

Question 13

Dominant allele

Answer 13

-1 copy on one chromosome

Question 14

Recessive allele

Answer 14

-present on both chromosomes of a pair

Question 15

Individual and Family

Answer 15

-gene variants shared with relatives:
Approximately half (with each parent, sibling, and offspring);
One-quarter (with each grandparent);
One-eighth (first cousins)

Question 16

Middigital hair

Answer 16

• hair on the skin over the middle phalanges of the hand

- dominant trait

Question 17

Widow’s Peak

Answer 17

• hairline has a downward point near the midline

- dominant trait

Question 18

Attached earlobes

Answer 18

• ear’s inferior fatty lobe is attached

- recessive trait

Question 19

Hitchhiker’s thumb/Thumbs backward bendability

Answer 19

• distal joint of the thumb can be hyperextended

- recessive

Question 20

Gonads

Answer 20

referring to primary sex organs (male - testes, female - ovaries)

Question 21

What can variation also be classified as?

Answer 21

1. Continuous

2. Discontinuous

Question 22

The human is the carrier of what?

Answer 22

The human is the carrier of gene variants or genes.

Question 23

What happens to the other chromosome in the case of the dominant allele?

Answer 23

In this case, the other chromosomes does not have the allele.

Question 24

The chromosomes are in _______ just like the ________.

Answer 24

The chromosomes are IN PAIRS just like the “KARYOTYPE”.

Question 25

What do the gene variants shared with relatives suggest?

Answer 25

It suggests there’s a trend with the degree of how much gene variants we share with the members of our family. This means our family MIGHT have the traits we have.

Question 26

Joints of the finger

Answer 26

1. Proximal
2. Middle
3. Distal

Question 27

Singular of phalanges

Answer 27

Phalanx

Question 28

Which joint should the middigital hair be to be considered middigital?

Answer 28

Middle

Question 29

Attached earlobes is _______.

Answer 29

Attached earlobe is opposed to free earlobe.