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lab exam Flashcards

1
Q

This lung tissue from a pig is described as multifocal red areas (acute inflammation) what is an MDX, possible agents, and what type of route of entry into this system?

A

MDX: embolic pneumonia

Agent: bacteria fungal can show sim lesions

Route: hematogenous

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2
Q

This lung tissue is from a pig has a lesion in the caudal-mid lung lobe on the cranial side. Hint looks like Manhemiosis in cattle*** What is the description, EDX, dz name?

A

Description: fibrinous hemorrhagic necrosis

EDX: Actinobacillous pleural pneumonia

Dz name: Porcine plueral pneumonia

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3
Q

This is the thorax of a rabbit. There is evidence of pulmonary actolectisis whicch compress and decreases the expansion of lungs. What is the MDX, Etiology?

A

MDX: chronic suppurative pleural pneumonia (pyothorax 2ndary to ruptured abscess)

Etiology: Pasturella “Snuffles”

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4
Q

Lung from a steer lesion is fibrinous pale necorsis and dark which is indicative of hemorrhage in the cranioventral lobes. What is MDX, DiffDX, Dz name, Etiology?

A

MDX: fibrino necrotizing hemorrhagic pneumonia

DiffDX: emphysema

Dz name: Shipping Fever/ Pneumotic Manheimiosis

Etiology: Manheimia hemolytica

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5
Q

Larynx/trachea from a steer that presented with signs of severe respiratory distress. What is MDX, Etiology, Diff dx?

A

MDX:necrotizing ulcerative fibrinous laryngitis

Etiology: IBR

Diff DX: Fusobacterium would be more necrotizing cassous more in larynx

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6
Q

Trachea-tongue of foal that presented with severe resp distress after a sx!!!

What happened?

A

Iatrogenic (vet induced) during tx or diagnostics. Nasogastric tube wrong place aspiration pneumonia

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7
Q

Lung tissue from a horse, that has been traveling to shows during the summer season. distrubution in the right lung indicative of this!!! What is MDX

A

Cause is shipping with a halter prevents dust from being cleared from the nostril so horses aspirate material into right lung (cranioventral)

MDX: focal pneumonia subacute suppurative

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8
Q

Cricoarytenoid muscle from a horse is atrophied after the horse presents with roaring and collapse. MDX/Dz name?

A

MDX: unilateral atrophy of the dorsal lateral cricoarytenoid m.

Dz name: laryngeal hemiplasia

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9
Q

Tissue from a young horse! Your MDX is multifocal to coalescing pyogranulomatous pneumonia. What is the Etiology and EDX?

A

Etiology: Rhodococcus equii

EDX: Rhodococcal pneumonia

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10
Q

Another horse from the same farm as the previous foal with Rhodococcus has died… is it another case or another pathogen?

A

Same pathogen because its multfocal pyogranulomatous pneumonia from Rhodococcus

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11
Q

Head of a sheep what is the MDX, Agent?

A

MDX: catarrhal sinositis

Agent: oestrus ovis

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12
Q

What is in the dorsal nasal turbinate of this sheep?

A

Oestrus ovis

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13
Q

This is the thorax of a young growing pig that was showing signs of panting and respiratory distress then it died in the holding pen in St kitts. There are whitish foci!!! What is going on and why?

A

interstitial pneumonia

Toxin!!!

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14
Q

This is the serosal surface of the pig that died in St. Kitts what is the MDX?

A

MDX: severe diffuse interstitial fibrino necrotizing pneumonia

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15
Q

These are HE stains of the lung of the pig who died in St Kitts. What is the predominant inflam cell seen in these cases?

A

macrophages with zooites

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16
Q

This is another slide of the pig that died in St. Kitts, true or false this is caused by Toxoplasmosis alone.

A

False

Toxo does not usually cause clin dz in pigs alone. It is usually in conjunction with PCV2

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17
Q

This is the thorax of a dog with metastatic pulmonary carcinoma what is the route of malignancy?

A

transcolomic

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18
Q

What is the MDX?

A

Atrophic rhinitis

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19
Q

This pig has……

A

atrophic rhinitis

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20
Q

This is a femur from a calf is it normal or abnorm?

A

NORMAL

young are hematopoietically active bone marrow with uniform consistency dark red

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21
Q

This is the abdomen of a dog. It shows signs of icterus/jaundice \ and splenomegaly (esp. in the fat) Looking at the bloodwork there was an increase in bili. What can cause the this increase in bili? What type of jaundice could this suggest? If there is an increase in the amount of macrophages in the spleen is it bloddy or meaty?

A

increase in serum bili could be a product of hemolytic anemia

This could be pre/post hepatic jaundice

The spleen is a MEATY big spleen

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22
Q

This is a lesion in a puppy, there was evidence of 2ndary bact infections in other areas of the body. What is the agent that caused this? What other body samples could you collect to determine the cause?

A

Cause: Canine Parvovirus 2

this causes immunesuppression because it depletes the lymphoid of the bone marrow. This causes immunesuppression which accounts for the 2ndary bact infections. You can collect mesenteric LNs, spleen, bone marrow to check for Ag of CPV2

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23
Q

Dog passes away and you find this dark pigmented lesion in the bone? What is a poss diff DX?

A

Melenoma

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24
Q

This red tumor like growth is found in the bone and associated muscle of a horse. What is a poss diff DX ?

A

Muscle hemangiosarcoma invading the bone/bone marrow

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25
Q

A llama tests positive for TB and you find this serous atrophy of fat in the long bones. What is the MDX?

A

MDX: Multifocal granulomatous osteomyelitis

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26
Q

This is one of the most common neoplasms of goats. Describe the lesion and provide a poss dx

A

Lesion is yellow at the epiphysis and it is displacing the red and white marrow to the medulla.

Lymphoma/lymphosarcoma

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27
Q

This is very indicative of a cow with _____ _______.

Mdx: serous atrophy of fat

A

chronic emaciation

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28
Q

This dog presents with osteolytic punch out lesions in the spinal processes and in the long bones. The bloodwork shows an increase in Ca, cytopenia, and monoclonal gammaopathy. The urinalysis shows Bence Jones proteinuria. What neoplasm is this?

A

Multiple Myleoma effects plasma cell

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29
Q

This is a histo taken out of an enlarged spleen. What type of inflamation is this? What cell predominates in this slide? What can that tell you about the dz process?

A

Lymphadenitis

Neutrophils predominate

This alludes to an acute dz process

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30
Q

What inflam cell predominates during a fibrous chronic dz process

A

macrophages

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31
Q

A horse presents with bilateral retropharyngeal suppurative inflam. What is the MDX, Etiology, and Dz name?

A

MDX: acute suppurative lymphadenitis

Etiology: Strep. equi ssp. equi

Dz name: Equine Strangles

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32
Q

This is a characterisitic sheep finding for what etiology? what is the MDX?

A

Etiology: Corny. pseudotuberculosis

MDX: chronic casseous lymphadenitis

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33
Q

Can you eat a cow when you find this LN with granulomatous lymphadenitis? What Dz is this?

A

No can’t eat.

M. bovis TB

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34
Q

What is the horseshoe structure in the square if this sample is taken from an ox?

A

giant cell

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35
Q

This slide should be stained with silver stain to provide an accurate dx. What do you think the cow has?

A

Mycobacterial infxn

John’s Dz

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36
Q

This white/yellow neoplasm can form anywhere in the body and probably spread through the mediastinal LN’s. It is _______

A

lymphoma (lymphosarcoma)

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37
Q

This giant jaw mandibular LN abscess on a pig is indicative of ______

A

Strep. porcinus

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38
Q

This fatty looking infiltrate in the cow spinal cord is extending into the epidural space. Poss diff dx?

A

lymphoma (lymphosarcoma)

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39
Q

This is a canine popliteal LN aspirate. Name the dz.

A

Leishmaniasis not histoplasma

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40
Q

This cat has enlarged LNs that is diffuse granulomatous lymphadenitis. What type of organism do you think it could be?

A

fungal

Cryptococosis (Cryptococcus gattii)

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41
Q

A goat presents with diffuse granulomatous (casseous) lymphadenitis what is the etiology?

A

Cornybacterium pseudotuberculosis

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42
Q

MDX of this ox lesion

A

MDX: Fibrino necrotizing lymphandenitis

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43
Q

This dog shows evidence nodular hyperplasia and ___ ____

A

siderotic plaque

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44
Q

Dog lesion: What is the pigment (brown on HE stain and blue with the Perl’s Prussia blue rxn [+ stain for iron])

A

Hemosiderin

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45
Q

What are some poss diff dx for this dog spleen?

A

histiocytic sarcoma, lymphoma, plasma cell tumor, mast cell tumor, splenitis, amyloidosis

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46
Q

Both of these are lesions on the spleen with infarcts (arteries) The top exemplifies a(n) _____ process. The bottom exemplifies a(n) _____ process. The pale growth on the bottom spleen is an example of _____ and is an incidental finding.

A

acute

chronic

lymphoid hyperplasia

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47
Q

You find a dead pig in Africa and think WTF ill take a look at the spleen. Describe what you see and what Dz do you think it could be?

A

Diffuse severe splenic congestion

African Swine Fever

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48
Q

You determine that these 2 lesions in a dog are of the same dz origin which alludes to a metastatic form of _______

A

hemangiosarcoma

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49
Q

This chicken is suffering from multiple yellow lesions. You ask to see samples of the eye and sciatic nerve and find that they are normal. Why would you want the other samples, what do you suspect? Finding them normal what is your definitive dz?

A

You want to look at the eye to rule out Mereks dz. the eyes would be affected and the sciatic nerve roots would be thickened. Knowing these are normal you suspect lymphoma

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50
Q

This cat has a Thymus covered with yellowish lesions, what do you suspect?

A

thymic lymphoma

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51
Q

Describe the lesions in this cow thymus?

A

Multifocal petechial to echymotic hemorrhage in the thymus

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52
Q

This cat liver is pale enlarged rounded edges and floats in solution. The cat has a history of brief anorexia. What is your dx?

A

diffuse hepatic lipidosis

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53
Q

A young pig presents yellow after scalding at slaughter. the young pig carcass was condemned. What does this pigment suggest?

A

jaundice icterus

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54
Q

The condemned pig has a change in color it is enlarged dark with some fibrin on the serousal surface indicating an acute process. What are some poss MDX’s of this liver? What is the Dz process? What other samples would you look for to confirm your suspecisions?

A

MDX: massive hepatic necrosis

MDX: panlobular hepatic necrosis

Vit E/Se deficiency

Look for skeletal m. necrosis and heart lesions

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55
Q

A dog presents with this liver. It has a history of primidone (anticonvulsant) therapy. The hyperplasia is nodular and the liver is diffusely pale with evidence of fatty change. What are 2 poss MDX’s?

A

MDX: hepatic chirrosis (end stage liver failure)

MDX: chronic hepatitis with post necrotic scarring and nodular regeneration

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56
Q

This cow liver has dark discoloration on the surface. Black is indicative of hemorrhage, necrosis, or melanin. You find that the pigemnt is + for iron/porphyron. What is your dx?

A

Fluke pigment

Fasciloides magna in parenchyma

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57
Q

What is the MDX and EDX of these cystic lesions that are fibrous and have evidence of eosinophillic granulomatous inflamation.

A

MDX: chronic necrotizing hepatitis

EDX: Parasitic hepatitis

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58
Q

Fas. hepatica attacks what part of the body?

A

bile ducts

cholangitis

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59
Q

These adult liver flukes causing Platysomiosis effect what part of the body (in St Kitts)

A

gall bladder and bile ducts

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60
Q

These thickened cat bile ducts can occur when a cat eats ____ and transmits Platysnosomum fastosum

A

LIZARDS

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61
Q

The metacercaria of P. fastosum obliterate the bile ducts causing hyperplasia. The eosinophilica inflamation infiltrate and cause _____

A

cholecystitis, cholangitis, pericholangitis

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62
Q

This dog came in after being HBC. After humane euthanasia you found a hemoabdomen and the liver looked like so. What caused the bleed into the abdomen?

A

Liver fractures

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63
Q

What dz process can predispose an animal to liver fractures other than trauma?

A

Primary liver amyloidosis

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64
Q

This is a very common passive sequel to right sided congestive heart failure. The liver is large, bloody, nodular, and has fibrosis which is evidence of a chronic process.

A

Nutmeg liver

cardiac chirrosis

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65
Q

What is the MDX of this rabbit liver?

A

chronic proliferative cholangitis hepatitis

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66
Q

The rabbit’s histo was evident of chronic proliferative cholangitis hepatitis. What is a poss EDX? Etiology?

A

EDX: coccidial hepatitis

Etiology: Eimeria stieda

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67
Q

This is a dog stomach. The dog presented with dark feces (melena), vomiting, hemorrhage. What is the MDX, poss causes for a dog

A

MDX: ulcerative necrotizing gastritis

Case: NSAIDs/steroids, mast cell tumor(histamine release), stress, Helicobacter

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68
Q

If a horse presents with ulcerative necrotizing gastritis what is a possible cause and where else might you see lesions?

A

NSAIDs can cause this damage. You may also see damage in the right dorsal colon, kidney papillary crest necrosis

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69
Q

What is the pathogenisis of ulcerative necrotizing gastritis?

A

There is an interference of bloodflow from a decrease in prostoglandins –> vasoconstrxn –> ischemic necrosis

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70
Q

If a pig presents with ulcerative necrotizing gastritis what is a probable cause?

A

Finely ground food, increased PUFA in food

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71
Q

This dog has a brown gut (jejunum) which is discolored by ceroid indicative of intestinal lipofusion. What are some poss causes for this? What is the name of the syndrome?

A

Vit E/Se def, PUFA ingestion, associated with exocrine pancreatic dz, chronic enteric dz

Brown Bowl Syndrome

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72
Q

This is a dog not a puppy what is going on with the teeth?

A

Dental calculi (plaque)

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73
Q

This horse has some flies around its face and these bean things in its stomach what is the MDX, what is this thing?

A

MDX: Ulcerative gastritis

agent: Gastrophilus parasite

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74
Q

This equine jejunum is hyperplastic and the histo has lots of macrophages… What type of inflamation does this indicate? Could it be lymphoma?

A

chronic granulomatous enteritis

probably not lymphoma is usually ulcerative

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75
Q

This is a wildly abnormal cat esophogus ? Just kill it!!!

A

JK JK

this is a normal aboral close to the stomach part of the esophagus. classic herringbone pattern

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76
Q

You can tell this is a horse stomach because of the glandular and nonglandular stomach. There are probably not many clinical signs from this even though there is gastric hyperplasia. What is the EDX?

A

Trichostrongylus multifical ulceration

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77
Q

The horse duodenum is infiltrated with neutrophils and some macrophages. There is also a hemorrhagic necrotic ring around the lesion what is the MDX, etiology?

A

MDX: intestinal purforation

Peritonitis rupture

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78
Q

This horse has parasitic enteritis. Where will you find larval stage? MDX? Agent? Poss sequel?

A

Larval stage in lungs

MDX: catarrhal enteritis

Agent: Ascarids parascara sarcorum

Obstruction poss with Tx

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79
Q

Horse has lesion in the nonglandular stomach what is the MDX/ what is a poss cause?

A

MDX: ulcerative gastritis

Squamous cell carcinoma

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80
Q

This is a crazy ass alpaca stomach right?

A

nahhh its normal 3 compartment stomach

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81
Q

Look at this funky dog intestine….. MDX/Name???

A

MDX: necrotizing segmental enteritis

Name: canine parvoviral enteritis

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82
Q

Cow has ulcerative necrotizing glossitis and esophagitis what is the Etiology?

A

BVD

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83
Q

The reticulum of this cow looks like it has a yellow white growth… what is this and why might it have grown?

A

lymphoma from BLV

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84
Q

Adult cat necropsy. Can see fibrin with this lesion sometimes. What is the etiology? MDX?

What could it be if this was a young kitten…..

A

Etiology: FIP coronavirus

MDX: multifocal granulotamous vasculitis/peritonitis

If young could be coccidia or panlukemia

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85
Q

This dog is suffering from either proliferative inflam or neoplasia. It seems to be malignant what are some diff dx?

A

Oral melenoma

squamous cell carcinoma

fibrosarcoma

86
Q

This pigs ileum and spiral colon are seen. The pig had watery diarrhea that is fibrinonecrotizing. What is the name of the dz and the agent?

A

Swine dysentary

Brachyspira hyodisenteriae

87
Q

This lamb has hemorrhagic enteritis what is an EDX/Diff dx?

A

EDX: coccidial enteritis

Diff dx: clostridium, E coli

88
Q

this dog has ______

A

intestinal intusseception

89
Q

What is this?

What is a common complication….

A

palatoschisis

trauma complication bronchopneumonia aspiration ingesta

90
Q

This is a characteristic lesion of what dz on the ventral surface of the tongue. It is bilateral and symmetrical glossitis.

Why does the lesion happen?

Where else will you see lesions?

A

Renal fail because ammonia increases in blood urea nitrogen and the bact in the mouth use this and cause glossitis

other lesions may be in mineralization in the stomach or heart. Also lung pneumocytis is poss

91
Q

What are some lesions associated with uremia and renal fail are secondary to?

92
Q

These are made of hair what are they called? If they were made of plants what would they be called?

A

Trichobezoars (hair)

Phytobezoars (plant)

93
Q

Is this megaesophagus congential or aquired?

A

acquired because its the whole esophagus

94
Q

Is this acquired or congenital

A

congenital not whole esophagus just the cranial portion

persistent right aortic arch PRAA

95
Q

This dog is young and has a history of parvo which immunosuppressed him. What is going on?

A

papillomatosis

Papiloma virus

can spont regress

96
Q

This6 month old cow still has milk teeth. It has erosive ulcerative virus. Diff dx?

A

Mucosal dz (BVD), FMD, Malig Catarrhal Fever (MCF)

97
Q

This puppy is immunsuppresed and has segmental hemorrhagic enteritis. What can cause this?

A

CPV2

canine parvo enteritis

also may see tongue epithelium inclusion bodies

98
Q

This dog has an ouchie testicle and jejunum. There is a venous infarction. What is going on?

A

Jejunal inguinal hernia incarceration

Abdomenal cavity inguinal hernia

99
Q

What is this nasty horse stomach suffering from?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

100
Q

What is the MDXfor this canine ?

A

catarrhal enteritis

101
Q

This can be caused by ischemia, sx, etc…..

A

stenosis, stricture

102
Q

This pig small intestine causes proliferative illeitis what is the name of the agent?

A

Lawsonia intracellularis

103
Q

What causes these punch out lesions, intervertebral disc dz, anchylosis

A

multiple myeloma

104
Q

Testicular tumor diff dx?

A

Sertoli tumor, Leydig (interstitial cell) tumor, Seminoma

105
Q

Is this cow tissue norm or lesion?

A

norm Follicle and CL

106
Q

Is this cow tissue norm or a lesion?

A

lesion

Follicular cyst

thin walled and estroge prod so it prolongs estrus/anestrus

107
Q

Is this cow ovary normal or a lesion?

A

lesion

Follicular cyst

108
Q

Is this tissue from a cow normal or a lesion?

A

lesion

Luteal cyst (inside CL)

thick walled progesterone prod

109
Q

This is tissue from a cow is it norm or a lesion ?

A

lesion

Granulosa cell tumor

characterisitc hemorrhage

110
Q

Is this cow tissue normal or a lesion

A

lesion

teratoma (literally any cell type)

111
Q

Is this tissue from a cow norm or a lesion

A

lesion

uterine torsion –> gangrene/dead fetus

predisposed by tein dystocia

112
Q

Is this ouchie cow a normal ochie or a lesion ouchie

A

lesion

retained placenta

113
Q

This is a rare neoplasm of the uterus smooth muscle, but if you didnt know that what are some poss diff dx?

A

leiloma

diff dx lymphoma, lymphosarcoma, BLV

114
Q

This is tissue from a dog is it norm or lesion? MDX?

A

endometrial cysts

MDX: cystic endometrial hyperplasia

115
Q

What is this LESION in a MONKEY

A

endometriosis

116
Q

Is this norm or lesion tissue from a horse?

A

normal

Endometrial cups

117
Q

Is this normal or lesion tissue from a cow

A

normal

amnionic plaques incidental not pathological

118
Q

Is this normal or lesion tissue from a horse

A

normal

cervical star (NOT A DYSTOCIA)

119
Q

Is this normal or a lesion tissue from a cat? Owner says that the cat is not doing well and is distended

A

lesion

PYOMETRA puss filled uterus

Septicemia : Ecoli, gram (-), endotoxin

120
Q

This cat has what type of lesion?

A

Prolapse uterus

121
Q

This is from a a dog or a cat is it normal or a nasty lesion

A

zonary placenta

122
Q

Tissue from a dog that is bleeding what is going on?

A

placenta subinvolusion

123
Q

This is tissue from a cow is it normal or a lesion

A

normal

Adventitia placentation

incidental caruncles and cotyledons

124
Q

This is tissue from a cow is it normal or a lesion

A

lesion

retained placenta in the uterus

125
Q

This is tissue from a ruminant is it normal or a lesion?

A

normal

caruncle on mom side

cotyledons on fetus side

together they make a placentome

126
Q

This is tissue from an alien… jk a cow what happened?

A

mummified fetus (dry/dehydrated)

Macerated fetus has bact

127
Q
128
Q

This is a purulent lesion in a mare. It causes infertility. What is it? Do you test the mares that have the symptoms? Is it reportable?

A

CEM

Taylorella equigenitalis

test stallions

reportable

129
Q

What is this leathery bat cow abortion spawn from?

A

Fungal infxn

Aspergillus fumigatus

130
Q

Leptospira borgpetersenii causes late term abortion?

A

no usually early embryonic death

131
Q

This liver is from an equine fetus what is the MDX and likely etiology?

A

MDX: multifocal necrotizing hepatitis

Etiology: Equine herpes virus 1

132
Q

This is tissue from a cow what is going on?

A

Amorphous globosus

Mento lesion

133
Q

What is a freemartin?

A

twins one male and female

male hormone prod first makes the female sterile

134
Q

this hyperplastic vulva on a pig happens because of what???

A

hyperestrogenism from moldy corn can lead to prolapse vagina

135
Q

See this on a rat think _________

A

MAMMARY FIRBROADENOMA

136
Q

is this bull penis normal or lesion?

A

lesion

MDX: multifocal penis inflam

Bovine Herpesvirus 1

137
Q

This is a nasty awful deathy cancer on a young cat right????

A

nope

its Fibroadenomatous hyperplasia

138
Q

This is just a really healthy ram right?

A

probs not

dermatitis on scrotum could be from Brucellosis need to rule this out first because zoonotic

139
Q

Is this a lesion or a normal?

A

lesion

Cryptorchid

140
Q

This epididymis gets nasty when a sheep is infected with ______

A

Brucella ovis

141
Q

An inflammed epididymis

A

epididymitis

142
Q

What are these donut lesions on an ovine fetus from?

A

campylobacter

143
Q

This tissue from a sheep is what happens when infected with what zoonotic dz? You would confirm it with PCR or histopath of protozoa

A

toxoplasma

144
Q

This brain is from a bovine fetus. what is the lesion and how would a cow get it? if this was a cat how would they get it?

A

cerebellar hypoplasia

BVD in cow

panlukopenia, feline parvo cat

145
Q

A neonatal puppy would get this lesion from…….

A

canine herpes virus

146
Q

This yellowish tumor prod testosterone what type of tumor is in this testicle of a dog

A

interstitial cell tumor

147
Q

This testicle tumor prod estrogen what is it?????

A

sertoli cell tumor

148
Q

This tumor is white and fatty lipoma looking in a male dog…..

149
Q

These prostates are huge because of ……

A

prostatic hyperplasia

150
Q

This dog is suffering from what type of lesion

A

hypospadia

151
Q

Describe this skin lesion from a dog

A

crust, alopecia, ulceration, hyperpigmentation

152
Q

What is the MDX?

A

calcinosis cutis

153
Q

What endocrine abnormality could cause this?

A

hyperadrenocorticism

154
Q

Hyperadrenocorticism can cause skin lesions and lesions in what other tissues?

A

pyoderma, bilateral symetrical alopecia, potbelly, PU/PD, adrenal hyperplasia, adenoma

155
Q

What is the MDX for this big adrenal gland?

A

MDX: adrenal cortical hyperplasia

156
Q

What is the cause of this lesion if there is increased ACTH corticotrophs in circulation

A

Pituitary adenoma

157
Q

What is the dz name for a pituitary adenoma induced hyperadrenocorticism

A

secondary Cushings

158
Q

Adult female dog has a history of wt gain eating the same amount of food as in the past and lethargy. It also has a distended abdomen, hyperpigmentation, and alopecia what is the MDX?

A

MDX: cutaneous myxedema

159
Q

What is this face an example of ???

A

tragic face

160
Q

The eyes of this dog have a mucopurulent exudate conjunctivitis from a secondary bact infection. What anatomical lesion caused this?

A

inverted eyelids

161
Q

all the fat around the thyroid leads to what lesion in the thyroid?

A

thyroid atrophy

162
Q

This thyroid has a lot of lymphocyte infiltration. There are not many follicles and there is a decrease in the colloid because of the atrophy. What is the status of the thyroid hormone? What is the MDX:

A

decreased thyroid hormone

MDX: lymphocytic thyroiditis

163
Q

Slightly raised blood vessels also known as…..

A

coronary atherosclerosis

164
Q

Uneven thickening of blood vessel walls on the heart shows evidence of cellular foaming, mineralization…. What does this mean for the levels of cholesterol

A

hypercholesterolemia

cholesterol deposited in vessel walls damage to vessel walls

165
Q

14 yr old cat enlarged bilaterally thyroid. it is T4 producing and nodular. What is the MDX?cause?

A

Nodular bilateral hyperplasia

Adenoma

166
Q

When T4 is increased it injures the heart causing cardiac biventricualr hypertrophy, decreasing the fxn and thrombi can form. True or false

167
Q

decreased thyroid can cause kidney infarct via thrombi from an overworking failing heart

A

false

increased T4

168
Q

PTH gland from an adult cat both proliferating what does this do to Ca in the bone? in the blood? Where else would you see lesions?

A

Ca in the bone will decrease

Ca in the blood will increase

other lesions in the kidney poss

169
Q

This tumor can lead to _____ hyperthyroidism. If there wasnt a tumor what three things could you check?

A

secondary hyperthyroidism

if no tumor check history of diet, renal in a PM or blood for renal involvement

170
Q

What is the pink pigment?

A

amyloidosis

171
Q

This nasty adrenal gland from a horse is probably what type of dz process…..

A

neoplasm

Pheochromocytoma (red), adrenocortical aenoma, adenocarcinoma (tan)

172
Q

This ferret liver has what MDX:

A

insulinocarcinoma or islet cell carcinoma

173
Q

What does this lesion due to serum glucose levels?

A

hypoglycemia

174
Q

This cat came in for a PM what do you think the MDX, EDX if you just have access to this sample?

A

MDX: multifocal (bilateral) ulcerative necrotizing glossitis

EDX: uremic glossitis

175
Q

What is the pathogenisis of this uremic glossitis on a Shae Pei and why might this be a difficult lesion to dx?

A

Pathogenisis: mouth bact use urea (ammonia) to grow and they destroy the oral epithelium esp under the tongue

Difficult to dx because Shar peis have colored tongues

176
Q

What is the circled area on this tongue histo?

A

fibrin

which sometimes forms as a sequel of uremic glossitis

177
Q

This sample is from a dog, it is nodular whitish mineralization. it is a common sequel of what dz in dogs? What is the EDX?

A

common result of uremia (renal fail)

EDX: uremic endocarditis

178
Q

What is the specific location for uremic endocarditis from renal fail in dogs?

A

Left atrium endocardium

179
Q

What is a possible misdx of uremic endocarditis?

A

Jet lesions from turbulence due to bad valves

180
Q

This mineralization of the intercostal muscles, what is the MDX/Etiology?

A

MDX: multifocal intercostal subpleural mineralization

Etiology: chronic renal fail (uremia)

181
Q

Would you see this mineralization in the intercostal spaces with hypercalcemia of malignancy?

A

no not usually seen here so we can rule that dx out

182
Q

This dog stomach is ouchie… what is the MDX/EDX? What organ will you see this damage in a large animal?

A

MDX: hemorrhagic ulcerative gastritis

EDX: uremic gastritis

Will see this lesion in the colon not so much in the stomach

183
Q

This is a up close and personal ______ of the stomach rugae

A

mineralization

184
Q

This is a histo of a 2 yr old Shih-Tzu. The blood chem has abnormally high urea and crea what is the probable cause

A

renal fail

these dogs are prone to this

185
Q

The histos of the shih-tzu stomach would be easier to interpret as calcification if they used what stain?

A

von kossa stain

186
Q

The MDX and the dz name are the same for this dog…..

A

Fibrous osteodystrophy

187
Q

The paranasal sinus bones are replaced with soft CT. what is going on????

A

secondary hyperparathyroidism which can be from a renal or dietary source

188
Q

This radiograph shows a decrease in the amount of alveolar bone and a decrease in density of the ramus portion of the mandible. (osteopenia) What clin signs might the patient present with?

A

loose teeth, lost teeth, or teeth that are not properly aligned

189
Q

What is the common name of this lesion?

A

rubber jaw

190
Q

true or false

Animals that die from renal fail usually die from: insufficient kindeys, electrolyte imbalance, metabolic acidosis, cardiotox (increased serum K), and pulm edema

A

false

not usually from kidney dsyfxn

191
Q

9 month old female rottwiler pup presents with a week and a half of lethargy, not eating, foul smelling vomit/diarrhea. Over the last couple months present with lethargy, not eating, bloody diarrhea, anemia. Treated for hookworms and with IV fluids but it died. What is this sample illistrating, and what is the pathogenisis of this lesion?

A

The conjunctva is pale = anemia

Pathogenisis: lack of prod of EPO in the kidney which is needed for the prod of RBC. Another contributing factor is the bloody diarrhea/vomit which contributes to lood loss and anemia

192
Q

The right kidney of the rottweiler puppy is nodular and thickened over the parenchyma. it is small and firm indicative of a chronic or acute process?

193
Q

Kidneys of the rottwiler

194
Q

The rottweiler lungs look enlarged, have rib impressions, and some signs of edema what is the EDX?

A

EDX: uremic pneumonitis

195
Q

These frothy enlarged lungs are classic of what process ____

A

pulm edema

196
Q

The stomach of the rottweiler give a description….

A

areas of hemorrhage, edema

197
Q

What is the widespread calcification of the kidney called?

A

nephrocalcinosis

198
Q

The enlarged/mineralized alveolar septae and evidence of edema is classic of ______. What dz will show a similar lesion in the lungs of dogs?

A

uremic pneumonopathy

Dogs with cushings (hyperadrenocorticism)

199
Q

This multiorgan mineralization of the rottweiler helps us determine the three final dx what are they?

A

1) Juvenile progressive nephropathy
2) Uremic gastritis
3) Uremic pneumonitis (pneumonopathy) with severe pulm edema

Rottweilers are prone to familial renal fail

200
Q

Tissue collection for histology may be representative or may contain lesions, what percent buffer soln should the sample be placed in right away?

A

10% neutral buffer formalin

201
Q

What is the circled area and can it be diagnostic?

A

no it is autolysis not diagnostic but the right picture is still diagnostic

202
Q

____ stops autolysis by bact enzyme agents, if not done properly the tissues may not stain well, this changes the refractive index of tissue which allows for contrast, most commonly done with 10% NBF, requires a minimum 10:1 formalin to tissue ratio, and the process happens at a rate of 1 mm/hr

203
Q

What is the minimum formalin to tissue ratio for fixation

204
Q

what is the rate of fixation?

205
Q

What is the recommended fixation time period? And what can you use to harden autolyzed or nueral tissue?

A

24 hrs

Bouin’s or Davidson’s

206
Q

In big organs or samples what should you do to them to increase the surface area and promsote proper fixation?

A

breadloaf them

or open gut and empty contents

207
Q

When a pathologist is trimming masses she uses ink?

A

no only the surgeon uses ink to show sx margin

208
Q

Ideal thickness of tissue for in cassette

209
Q

In order to facilitate cutting a tissue what should you put the sample on?

210
Q

DEAR GAWD WILL WE PASS THIS LAB FINAL

Path 2 (2 decks)

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