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Bio 201 > Lab Exam 3 > Flashcards

Lab Exam 3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Nondisplaced

A

Bone is in normal position

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2
Q

Displaced

A

Bone is out of place

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3
Q

Complete

A

Broken all the way through

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4
Q

Incomplete

A

Not broken all the way through

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5
Q

Linear

A

Break parallel to long axis of bone

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6
Q

Transverse

A

Perpendicular to long axis of bone

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7
Q

Spiral/Oblique

A

Spiral break (Common in Child Abuse)

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8
Q

Compound

A

Bone penetrates through skin

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9
Q

Simple

A

Bone does not penetrate skin

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10
Q

Avulsion

A

Complete severing of body part

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11
Q

Comminuted

A

Fracture of the distal end of the lateral forearm bone

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12
Q

Compression

A

Bone is squashed

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13
Q

Epiphyseal

A

Epiphysis is separated from diaphysis at epiphyseal plate

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14
Q

Greenstick

A

Partial fracture (One side of bone breaks & other side is bent)

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15
Q

Hairline

A

Fine crack in which bone remains aligned

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16
Q

Pathologic

A

Weakening of bone due to disease

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17
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

Middle skeleton (Skull, Sternum, Ribs, & Vertebrae)

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18
Q

Appendicular Skeleton

A

Appendage skeleton (Clavicle, Scapula, Arm Bones, Hip Bones, & Leg Bones)

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19
Q

Calvaria

A

Temporal & Parietal Bones

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20
Q

Cranial Base

A

Sphenoid, Temporal, & Occipital Bones

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21
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

A

Nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi, epiphyseal plate, & articular cartilages. (Makes up most of fetal skeleton until replaced)

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22
Q

Elastic Cartilage

A

Auricle or pinna, epiglottis, & external auditory meatus

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23
Q

Fibrous Cartilage

A

Intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, articular discs in sternoclavicular & temporomandipular joints, glenodial labrum, & acetabular labrum

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24
Q

Conchae Bones

A

(Swirly bones in nose) Help control airflow into nose, cleaning & warming air that goes into lungs

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25
Q

Cervical Vertebrae

A

1st part, Neck area, C1-C7

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26
Q

Thoracic Vertebrae

A

2nd part, Upper back part, T1-T12

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27
Q

Lumbar Vertebrae

A

3rd part, Lower back, L1-L5

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28
Q

Sacrum

A

4th part, back of hip area, S1-S5

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29
Q

Coccyx

A

Tailbone

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30
Q

Integumentary

A

Skeletal system provides support; skin provides Vitamin D

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31
Q

Muscular

A

Skeletal system provides the levers and stores Ca needed for nervous system function; hormones regulate bone growth & calcium storage

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32
Q

Endocrine

A

Skeletal protects, stores Ca needed for hormonal messages; hormone regulates bone growth & calcium storage

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33
Q

Cardiovascular

A

Bone marrow provides site for blood cell formation; cardiovascular transports O & CO2 & nutrients

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34
Q

Lymphatic

A

Skeletal provides protection and support and is source of lymphocytes; lymphatic immune cells protect bone

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35
Q

Respiratory

A

Skeletal provides protection and support; respiratory provides O and eliminates CO2

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36
Q

Digestive

A

Skeletal provides protection and support; digestive provides nutrients

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37
Q

Urinary

A

Skeletal provides protection and support; urinary activates Vit D and eliminates nitrogenous waste.

38
Q

Reproductive

A

Skeletal provides protection and support; reproductive provides some hormones needed for growth

39
Q

Male Skull

A

Large Brow Ridge, Square Chin/Features, Sharper Angles

40
Q

Female Skull

A

Not prominent brow bone, softer/rounder chin/features, rounder jaw

41
Q

Adult Epiphysis

A

Full calcification, stays one piece

42
Q

Child Epiphysis

A

No full calcification, top will fall off on child bone due to the cartilage decaying

43
Q

Anterior Fontenelle

A

Top of head

44
Q

Posterior Fontanelle

A

Back of head

45
Q

Sphenoid Fontanelle

A

Side of head towards front

46
Q

Mastoid Fontanelle

A

Side of head towards back

47
Q

Fibrous Joint

A

Bones held together by dense connective tissue

48
Q

Cartilaginous Joint

A

Bones held together by cartilage

49
Q

Synovial Joints

A

Bones joined by ligaments with fluid filled joint cavity separating bone surfaces (Popping Joints)

50
Q

Synarthrosis

A

Immobile joints, fibrous or cartilaginous

51
Q

Amphiarthroses

A

Slightly mobile joints, fibrous or cartilaginous

52
Q

Diarthroses

A

Freely mobile joints, all synovial

53
Q

Gomphoses

A

Fibrous, peg in socket, ex. Tooth

54
Q

Sutures

A

Fibrous, between skull bones

55
Q

Syndesmoses

A

Fibrous, between tibia & fibula

56
Q

Synchondroses

A

Cartilaginous, bones joined by hyaline cartilage

57
Q

Symphyses

A

Cartilaginous, pads of fibrocartilage between articulating bones

58
Q

Uniaxial

A

Synovial, bone moves in just one place or axis

59
Q

Biaxial

A

Synovial, bone moves in two planes or axes

60
Q

Multiaxial

A

Synovial, bone moves in multiple planes or axes

61
Q

Plane Joints

A

Synovial, uniaxial, articular surface flat

62
Q

Hinge Joint

A

Synovial, uniaxial, convex surface with concave depression

63
Q

Pivot Joint

A

Synovial, uniaxial, bone with rounded surface fits into ligament ring

64
Q

Condylar Joint

A

Synovial, biaxial, oval convex surface articulating with concave surface

65
Q

Saddle Joint

A

Synovial, biaxial, convex & concave surfaces resembling saddle shape

66
Q

Ball & Socket Joint

A

Synovial, multiaxial, spherical head of one bone fitting into cupcake like socket

67
Q

Gliding

A

2 opposing surfaces sliding back and forth or side to side

68
Q

Angular Motion

A

Increases or decreases angle between 2 bones

69
Q

Flexion

A

Angular, movement in an anterior-posterior plane, brings bones closer together

70
Q

Extension

A

Angular, movement in an anterior-posterior plane, brings bones further apart

71
Q

Hyperextension

A

Angular, joint extender more than 180 degrees

72
Q

Lateral Flexion

A

Angular, trunk of body moving in coronal plane laterally

73
Q

Abduction

A

Angular, lateral movement of body part away from midline

74
Q

Adduction

A

Angular, medial movement of body part toward midline

75
Q

Circumduction

A

Proximal end of appendage relatively stationary, distal end makes a circular motion, movement makes an imaginary cone shape

76
Q

Rotation Motion

A

Bone pivots on its own longitude axis

77
Q

Lateral Rotation

A

Rotation, Turns anterior surface of bone laterally

78
Q

Medial Rotation

A

Rotation, Turns anterior surface of bone medially

79
Q

Pronation

A

Rotation, medial rotation of forearm so palm of hand posterior

80
Q

Supination

A

Rotation, lateral rotation of forearm so palm of hand anterior

81
Q

Special Movements

A

Movements that do not fit in another category

82
Q

Depression

A

Special, inferior movement of a body part

83
Q

Elevation

A

Special, superior movement of a body part

84
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Special, foot going back

85
Q

Plantar Flexion

A

Special, foot pointing

86
Q

Eversion

A

Special, moving foot to face outward to side

87
Q

Inversion

A

Special, moving foot to face inward to side

88
Q

Protraction

A

Special, sticking jaw out

89
Q

Retraction

A

Special, pulling jaw in

90
Q

Opposition

A

Special, movement of thumb towards tip of fingers

91
Q

Reposition

A

Special, thumb going other way of fingers

Bio 201 (3 decks)

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