Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 2020 > Lab Exam 2 (Review) > Flashcards

Lab Exam 2 (Review) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Meissner’s corpuscle sensation

A

(tactile copuscle); responds to light touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pacinian corpuscle sensation

A

(lamllated corpuscle); responds to vibration and pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Free nerve endings include…

A
  • thermoreceptors
  • mechanoreceptors
  • nociceptors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Free nerve endings sensation

A

respond to temperature and mechanical stimuli (touch, pressure, stretch)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

nociceptors sensation

A

tissue damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ruffini’s corpuscle sensation

A

respond to skin stretch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

olfaction

A

sense of smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

gustation

A

sense of taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

receptors that deal with taste and smell

A

chemoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

types of taste

A

sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

location of taste receptor cells

A

tongue, mouth, pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Olfactory interpretation centers

A

temporal and frontal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

taste interpretation

A

insula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

nerves that conduct impulses related to the sense of taste

A

facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

3 layers of the eye

A
  • outer (fibrous)
  • middle (vascular)
  • inner
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

outer (fibrous) layer structures

A

cornea, sclera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

middle (vascular) layer structures

A

choroid, ciliary body, iris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

inner layer component

A

retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

eyelid (palpebra) function

A

protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

conjunctiva function

A

lubrication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

lacrimal gland function

A

secretes tears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

sclera function

A

covers and protects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cornea function

A

bends light, focuses it on the retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

layers of retina

A

pigmented layer, neural layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

pigmented layer function

A

helps absorb light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

neural layer components

A

neurons, photoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

ciliary muscles function

A

change lens shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

choroid function

A

nourishes the retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

ciliary body function

A

controls shape and curvature of lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

iris function

A

smooth muscle, controls the entry of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

pupil function

A

lets light into the back of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

retina function

A

converts light into nerve impulses (contains photoreceptors)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

fovea centralis function

A

detailed and colored vision (sharpness & visual acuity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

lens function

A

performs accommodation (focusing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

aqueous humor function

A

maintains eye shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

photoreceptors

A

rods, cones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

rods

A

more numerous, black & white, dim light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

cones

A

fine detail & color

  • red, green, blue sensitive types
  • bright light
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

perception of vision

A

occipital lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Order of light entering the eye

A
  • cornea
  • pupil
  • iris
  • lens
  • retina
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

orbicularis oculi action

A

closes eye

42
Q

orbicularis oculi innervation

A

facial nerve

43
Q

Superior rectus action

A

rotates eyeball superiorly and medially

44
Q

Superior rectus innervation

A

oculmotor nerve

45
Q

Inferior rectus action

A

rotates eyeball inferiorly and medially

46
Q

Inferior rectus innervation

A

oculomotor nerve

47
Q

Medial rectus action

A

rotates eyeball medially

48
Q

Medial rectus innervation

A

oculomotor nerve

49
Q

Lateral rectus action

A

rotates eyeball medially

50
Q

Lateral rectus innervation

A

abducens nerve

51
Q

Superior oblique action

A

rotates eyeball inferiorly and laterally

52
Q

Superior oblique innervation

A

trochlear nerve

53
Q

Inferior oblique action

A

rotates eyeball superiorly and laterally

54
Q

Inferior oblique innervation

A

oculomotor nerve

55
Q

Ciliary muscles action

A

relaxes suspensory ligaments

56
Q

Ciliary muscles innervation

A

oculomotor nerve & parasympathetic fibers

57
Q

Emmetropia

A

normal vision

58
Q

Hyperopia

A

far-sightedness
(need glasses to see close)
short eyeball

59
Q

Lenses that correct hyperopia

A

convex

60
Q

Myopia

A

near-sightedness
(need glasses to see far)
long eyeball

61
Q

lenses that correct myopia

A

concave

62
Q

astigmatism

A

defect in the curvature of the cornea or lens

63
Q

cataracts

A

light is not able to get through the retina

64
Q

color blindness is ____ linked

A

sex

65
Q

color blindness affects ___% of males

A

7

66
Q

color blindness affects ___% of females

A

4

67
Q

color blindness is the inability to see which two colors?

A

red and green

68
Q

Color blindness is affected by…

A

cones

69
Q

Parts of ear

A
  • external
  • middle
  • inner
70
Q

the external and middle ear are involved only with…

A

hearing

71
Q

the inner ear is involved with both…

A

hearing and equilibrium

72
Q

External ear components

A
  • auricle (pinna)
  • external acoustic meatus
  • tympanic membrane (eardrum)
73
Q

Middle ear components

A
  • tympanic cavity
  • auditory ossicles
  • oval window
  • round window
  • pharyngotympanic (eustachian) tube
74
Q

Inner ear components

A
  • cochlea
  • scala vestibuli
  • scala tympani
  • scala media
  • spiral organ of corti
  • hair cells
  • basilar membrane
  • vestibular membrane
  • tectorial membrane
  • semicircular ducts/canals
  • vestibule
75
Q

Hearing is interpreted in the…

A

temporal lobe

76
Q

Order of sound traveling down the ear…

A
  1. ) pinna (auricle)
  2. ) external acoustic meatus
  3. ) tympanic membrane (eardrum)
  4. ) auditory ossicles
  5. ) oval window
  6. ) cochlea
  7. ) basilar membrane
  8. ) hair cells
  9. ) auditory nerve
  10. ) brain
77
Q

sounds create…

A

vibrations

78
Q

sound vibrations beat against the…

A

eardrum

79
Q

the vibrations on the eardrum push the…

A

ossicles

80
Q

the ossicles move…

A

internal fluid against the membrane

81
Q

Steps of sound vibrations

A
  1. ) vibrations beat against the eardrum
  2. ) this pushes the ossicles that move internal fluid against the membrane
  3. ) this triggers tiny hair cells that stimulate neurons
  4. ) action potentials are sent to the brain for sound interpretation
82
Q

The cochlea is filled with…

A

fluid; and it contains the organ of corti

83
Q

Steps of sound

A
  1. ) sound waves enter the outer ear and travel down the external acoustic meatus
  2. ) the sound waves cause the tympanic membrane (eardrum) to vibrate, and the vibrations are sent to the auditory ossicles
  3. ) the auditory ossicles amplify the sound vibrations and send them to the cochlea (filled with fluid)
  4. ) once the vibrations cause the fluid inside the cochlea to ripple, a traveling wave forms along the basilar membrane
  5. ) hair cells ride the wave
84
Q

basilar membrane has a

A

short and long side

85
Q

short and stiff side of basilar membrane detects…

A

high frequency

86
Q

long and loose side of basilar membrane detects…

A

low frequency

87
Q

pinna (auricle) function

A

catches sound waves

88
Q

external acoustic meatus (ear canal) function

A

directs sound to the middle ear

89
Q

tympanic membrane (eardrum) function

A

captures sounds and sends them down to the malleus (hammer)

90
Q

auditory ossicles function

A

transmit sound waves from the eardrum to the inner ear

91
Q

pharyngotympanic (eustachian) tube function

A

evens out air pressure in the eardrum

92
Q

cochlea function

A

(lined with tiny hairs, filled with fluids, contains the organ of corti)
-transforms vibrations into a neural signal

93
Q

Scala vestibuli function

A

perilymph filled cavity, conducts sound vibrations to the cochlear duct

94
Q

spiral organ of corti function

A

receives vibrations from the cochlear duct , and relays them to the auditory nerve fibers and to the brain… to be heard and interpreted

95
Q

hair cells function

A

sensory receptors of the ear, detect sound and head motion

96
Q

part of ear responsible for equilibrium

A

inner ear

97
Q

2 types of equilibrium

A

static, dynamic

98
Q

Static equilibrium

A

side to side, front and back motion

99
Q

structures responsible for static equilibrium

A

utricle, saccule, maculae (vestibule)

100
Q

Dynamic equilibrium

A

turn, spin around

101
Q

structures responsible for dynamic equilibrium

A

semicircular canals/ducts

102
Q

Equilibrium uses…

A
  • combination of fluid and hair cells
  • fluid is controlled by head movement
  • hair cells sense the motion of fluid

Bio 2020 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions