lab exam #2 Flashcards
mollusk body plan
coelomate
coelomate
a true body cavity lined with mesoderm and the organism is surrounded in tissue derived from the mesoderm
visceral mass
body cavity/location of organs within a mollusk
mantle
thin layer of tissue surrounding the visceral mass
mantle cavity
space between visceral mass and mantle
open circulatory system
blood does not stay within vessels; pumped out of heart through arteries but makes its way back through body cavity
hemolymph
hemocoel of mollusk is filled with blood so it is not just blood
classification of chiton
phylum Mollusca, class polyplacophora
what does class gastropod include
snails and slugs
classification of northern quahog
phylum mollusca, class bivalve, ex. mercenary mercenaria
name of squid from lab
long-finned squid
doryteuthis pealeii
class cephalopoda
phylum mollusca
classification of shorten squid
phylum mollusca, class Cephalopoda
characteristics of phylum arthropoda subphylum chelicerata
mouthparts = chelicerae (first appendage) (pincher parts for grabbing/eating), no antennae, 2nd appendage is pedipalps (grabbing/mating/sensory functions), and 2 tagmata
tagmata
regions of arthropod body - can be 2 or 3
tagmatization
fusion of tagmata
classification of horseshoe crab
phylum arthropoda, class merostomata, limulus polyphemus
classification of sea spider
phylum arthropoda class pycnogonida
examples of phylum arthropoda, class arachnida
spiders, ticks, scorpions, whip scorpions, and mites
characteristics of subphylum crustacea
jaw-like mandibles
biramous appendages
2 pairs of antennae
2 or 3 tagmata
mostly aquatic/marine
general characteristics of phylum arthropoda
coelomate protostomes
segmented bodies
jointed appendages
exoskeleton
characteristics of horseshoes crab
2 body regions
rounded carapace
posterior telson
book gills
characteristics of sea spiders
chelicerae
pedipalps
4 pairs of legs
2 tagmata
characteristics of arachnids
2 tagmata
chelicerae and palms
4 pairs of walking legs
characteristics of class brachiopoda
feathery legs because of gills
ex. fairy shrimp/brine shrimp
*daphnia is an important example
characteristics of class Copepoda
planktonic/benthic/ectoparasite
larva = nauplius
characteristics of class cirripedia
ex. barnacles
stalked/sessile/parasitic
exoskeleton
6 pairs of modified legs
nauplius and capris larval stages
classification of crab in lab
Jonah crab
cancer borealias
phylum arthropods
order decapods
characteristics of subphylum hexapoda class insects
3 body regions
1 pair of antennae
2 compound eyes
3 ocelli for sensing light
2 pairs of wings
classification of grasshopper in lab
eastern lubber grasshopper
romalea microptera
phylum arthropoda
order orthoptera
entero- development of echinoderms
form a coelom that has mesodermal out pockets, creating a primitive gut in blastopore, and then the pockets separate and pinch out during gastrulation phase
deuterostome development
anus forms first and mouth forms second
characteristics of phylum echinodermata
bilateral larva
radial adults
typically pentamerous
not much cephalization
exclusively marine
endoskeleton
external fertilization
4 classes of echinoderms we looked at
Asteroidea
Ophiuroidea
Echinoidea
Holothuroidea
characteristics of class asteroidea
ex. starfish
pentamerous radial symmetry
central disk not easily demarcated
movement using tube feet
brightly colored
can eject cardiac stomach to catch and eat prey
characteristics of class Holothuroidea
ex. sea cucumber
cylindrical
elongated along aboral/oral axis
tube feet in 5 rows along sides of body
no arms
can eviscerate internal organs as a defensive mechanism
characteristics of class Ophiuroidea
ex. brittle stars
long arms
sharply demarcated central disk
5 arms
movement by wriggling arms
characteristics of class Echinoidea
ex. sea urchins
rigid test covered by a ciliated epidermis (spines)
no arms
2 groups
regular sea urchins
traditional sea urchins with perfect pentaradial symmetry, globular, and long defined spines
irregular sea urchins
ex. sand dollar/sea biscuit
biracial symmetry
flattened
short/fuzzy/velvety spines covering the test
name of sea star from lab
asterias sp.
characteristics of phylum chordata
all vertebrates and related organisms
dorsal notochord
dorsal tubular nerve chord
tail posterior to anus
pharynx with paired gill slits
characteristics of subphylum tunicata (Urochordata)
ex. seq squirt (ciona intestinalis), larvaceans, and salts
marine
soft bodied
u-shaped gut
body covered in tunic
class ascidiacea
ex. sea squirts
bag shaped
2 siphones
solitary or colonial
other name for branchiostoma
amphioxus
how do bivalves eat
water current enters inhalant chamber via inhalant siphon, enters ostia, and leaves the exhaling chamber
food is filtered out of the current vis ostia and moved to food grooves then transported to mouth
flow of open circulatory system
blood pumped out of heart through arteries, enters the hemocoel which surrounds the organs, blood returns to heart through ostia
purpose of 2 branchial hearts in squid
considered accessory hearts
supply gills with unoxygentaed blood so that it can become oxygenated
purpose of 1 systemic heart
supplies the rest of the body with oxygenated blood once received from branchial heart
how do squids use jet propulsion
water enters mantle via inhalant siphon
circular muscles contract in mantle
forces water within mantle cavity out of the funnel
extinct arthropod we discussed
trilobites
subphylum trilobitomorpha
how many ostia does the crab heart from lab have
3 pairs
2 dorsal
1 lateral
Malpighian tubes of grasshopper
found where mid and hindgut meet
excretory organs
empty waste through urine
