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Biology 202 > Lab Exam 1 pt. 2 > Flashcards

Lab Exam 1 pt. 2 Flashcards

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1
Q
A

Coronal suture

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2
Q
A

Parietal bone

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3
Q
A

Squamous suture

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4
Q
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Lambdoid suture

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5
Q
A

Occipital bone

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6
Q
A

Temporal bone

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7
Q
A

Zygomatic process

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8
Q
A

Occipitomastoid suture

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9
Q
A

External acoustic meatus

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10
Q
A

Mastoid process

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11
Q
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Styloid process

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12
Q
A

Condylar process

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13
Q
A

Mandibular notch

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14
Q
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Mandible

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15
Q
A

Mental foramen

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16
Q
A

Alveolar process

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17
Q
A

Maxilla

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18
Q
A

Zygomatic bone

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19
Q
A

Nasal bone

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20
Q
A

Lacrimal fossa

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21
Q
A

Lacrimal bone

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22
Q
A

Ethmoid bone

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23
Q
A

Sphenoid bone

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24
Q
A

Frontal bone

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25
Q
A

External occipital protuberance

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26
Q
A

Internal acoustic meatus

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27
Q
A

Sella turcica of sphenoid bone

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28
Q
A

Pterygoid process of sphenoid bone

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29
Q
A

Palatine bone

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30
Q
A

Palatine process of maxilla

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31
Q
A

Incisive canal

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32
Q
A

Vomer

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33
Q
A

Crista galli

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34
Q
A

Frontal sinus

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35
Q

Where is the abdominal region

A

The midsection

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36
Q

Where is the axillary region

A

edge of the chest, under the armpit

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37
Q

Where is the brachial region

A

The bicep and tricep area

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38
Q

Where is the buccal region

A

It is your cheek area

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39
Q

Where is the calcaneal region?

A

The heel of the foot

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40
Q

Where is the carpal region

A

The wrist

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41
Q

Where is the cephalic?

A

The head

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42
Q

Where is the cervical region?

A

The throat and back of neck

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43
Q

Where is the coxal region?

A

The hip

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44
Q

Where is the digital?

A

Fingers and toes

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45
Q

Where is the frontal region?

A

The forehead

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46
Q

Where is the gluteal region?

A

The butt cheeks

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47
Q

Where is the inguinal region?

A

The groin

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48
Q

Where is the lumbar region?

A

Lower back

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49
Q

Where is the mammary region?

A

Men and womens nipples

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50
Q

Where is the manus region?

A

The hand

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51
Q

where is the mental region?

A

The chin

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52
Q

Where is the nasal region?

A

The cheekbones, nasal sinuses

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53
Q

Where is the occipital region?

A

Back of the head

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54
Q

Where is the oral region?

A

The mouth

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55
Q

Where is the orbital region

A

The eyes

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56
Q

Where is the otic region?

A

The ears

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57
Q

Where is the pelvic region?

A

Right above the groin area

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58
Q

Where is the plantar region?

A

Bottom of the foot

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59
Q

Where is the popliteal region?

A

Back of the knee

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60
Q

Where is the pubic region?

A

The genitalia

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61
Q

Where is the sacral region?

A

Right above the butt crack

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62
Q

Where is the thoracic region?

A

The chest area

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63
Q

Where is the umbilical region?

A

Belly button area

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64
Q

Where is the vertebral region?

A

Middle of the back

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65
Q

What is another name for the frontal plane?

A

Coronal plane

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66
Q

Define the frontal plane

A

Lies vertically

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67
Q

How does the frontal plane divide the the body

A

Anteriorly and posteriorly

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68
Q

Define the median plane

A

exactly in the midline

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69
Q

How does the medial plane divide the body?

A

Right and left parts

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70
Q

Define sagittal plane

A

Vertical plane

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71
Q

What is another name for a horizontal plane?

A

Transverse plane

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72
Q

Define transverse plane

A

Runs horizontally from right to left

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73
Q

How does the transverse plane divide the body

A

Superiorly and inferioraly

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74
Q

Where is the cranial cavity?

A

The skull

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75
Q

What does the cranial cavity hold?

A

The brain

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76
Q

Where is the thoracic cavity?

A

The chest

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77
Q

What does the thoracic cavity hold?

A

Heart and lungs

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78
Q

What does the abdominal cavity hold?

A

The digestive system

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79
Q

Where is the mediastinum?

A

Upper chest

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80
Q

What does the mediastinum hold?

A

The heart, and surround the esophagus and trachea

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81
Q

What does the pelvic cavity hold?

A

Urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and the rectum

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82
Q

What does the pericardial cavity hold?

A

The heart

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83
Q

What is the peritoneum

A

The tissue that lines your abdominal wall and covers most of the organs in your abdomen

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84
Q

What does the pleural cavity hold?

A

The lungs

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85
Q

What does the vertebral cavity hold?

A

The spinal cord

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86
Q

What is another name for inferior

A

Caudal

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87
Q

What is another way of saying superior?

A

Cranial

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88
Q

Define deep

A

Away from the body surface; more internal

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89
Q

Define distal

A

Farther from the origin of a body part of the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

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90
Q

What is another way of saying posterior?

A

Dorsal

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91
Q

Define inferior

A

Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a stucture or the body; below

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92
Q

Define lateral

A

Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of

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93
Q

Define medial

A

Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of

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94
Q

Define proximal

A

Closer to the origin of the body part of the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

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95
Q

Define superficial

A

Toward or at the body surface

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96
Q

Define superior

A

Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above

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97
Q

What is another way of saying anterior?

A

Ventral

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98
Q

Define anterior

A

Toward or athe front of the body; in front of

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99
Q

Define abduction

A

the movement of a limb away from the midline.

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100
Q

Define adduction

A

The movement of a limb toward the body midline

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101
Q

Define cicumduction

A

Moving a limb in a circle

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102
Q

Defien depression

A

Moving an elevated part inferiorly

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103
Q

Define dorsiflexion

A

Lifting the foot so that its superior surface approaches the shin

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104
Q

Define Elevation

A

Lifting a body part superiorly

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105
Q

Define eversion

A

The sole of the foot faces laterally

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106
Q

Define extension

A

Movement along the sagittal plane that increaes the angle between the articulating bones and typically straightens a flexed limb or body part

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107
Q

Define flexion

A

The bending movement of a joint that decreases the angle

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108
Q

Define hyperextension

A

extension of body part beyond the anatomical position

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109
Q

Define gliding

A

When one flat bone surface glides or slips over another

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110
Q

Define lateral rotation

A

Turning of a bone around its own long axis

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111
Q

Define opposition

A

The saddle joint in the hand that allows movement within the thumb

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112
Q

Define plantar flexion

A

Pointing the toes

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113
Q

Define pronation

A

Rotating the forearm medially and the palm faces posteriorly or inferiorly

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114
Q

Define supination

A

When the forearm roates laterally so the palm faces anteriorly or superiorly

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115
Q

Define protraction

A

Jutting out your jaw

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116
Q

Define retracting

A

Pulling your body part back in

Moving your jaw back

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117
Q

Where is simple squamous epithelial tissue found?

A

Kidneys and lungs

Found where filtration or the exchange of substances by rapid diffusion is a priority

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118
Q

Where is simple columnar epithelium found?

A

Lines the digestive tract

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119
Q

Where is simple cuboidal epithelium found?

A

Forms the walls of ducts of glands and kidney tubules

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120
Q

Where is psuedostratified ciliated columnar epithelium found?

A

Lines the respiratory tract

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121
Q

where is stratified squamous epithelium found?

A

Forms the external suface of the skin and every body opening

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122
Q

Where is stratified columnar epithelium found?

A

Pharynx, mare urethra, and glandular ducts

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123
Q

Where is stratified cuboidal epithelium found?

A

sweat glands and mammary glands

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124
Q

Where is transitional epithelium found?

A

Forms the lining of hollow urinary organs

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125
Q

What is the role of endocrine glands?

A

They produce hormones

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126
Q

Where are endocrine glands found?

A

Digestive tract lining and in the brain

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127
Q

What is the role of exocrine glands?

A

Secrete products onto the skin

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128
Q

What are exocrine glands?

A

The liver, the pancreas, mucous, sweat, oil, and salivary glands

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129
Q

Define holocrine glands

A

accumulate their products within them until they trupture

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130
Q

What are holocrine glands?

A

Sebaceous oil glands

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131
Q

Define merocrine glands

A

Secrete their products by exocytosis as they are porducts

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132
Q

What glands are classified as merocrine glands?

A

The pancreas, sweat glands, and salivary glands

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133
Q

Define apocrine glands

A

The cell pinches off, releasing the secretory granules and a small amount of cytoplasm

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134
Q

What is an example of apocrine glands?

A

The mammary glands

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135
Q

Define goblet cells

A

Individual cells that produce mucus

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136
Q

Define cilia

A

Tiny, hairlike projections of a cell; may move in a wavelike manner to propel substances across the exposed cell surface

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137
Q

Define microvilia

A

Tiny projections on the free surfaces of some peithelial cells; increase surface area for absoprtion

138
Q

What is connective tissue made up of

A

extracellular matrix

139
Q

Where does connective tissue come from?

A

The mesenchyme

140
Q

What are the types of loose CT

A

areolar

adipose

reticular

141
Q

Define areolar connective tissue

A

Most widely ditributed connective tissue

142
Q

What is the role of the areolar tissue

A

supporting and bidnging other tissues

holding body fluids

defending against infection

storing nutrients as fat in adipoctyes

143
Q

Define adipose tissue

A

Made up of fat cells- adipocytes

Areolar connective tissue modified to store fat; a connective tissue consisting chiefly of adipocytes

144
Q

What is the role of adipose tissue?

A

Shock absorber

insulation

energy storage site

145
Q

Where can you find adipose tissue?

A

Subcutaneous tissue

146
Q

Define reticular tissue

A

Connective tissue with a fine network of reticular fibers that form the internal supporting framework of lymphoid organs

147
Q

Where is reticular tissue found?

A

Lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow

148
Q

Define dense regular connective tissue

A

It creates flexible structures with great resistance to tension

149
Q

What does dense regular connective tissue make?

A

Tendons

Aponeuroses

Ligaments

150
Q

Define aponeuroses

A

Flat, sheetlike tendons taht attach msucles to other muscles or to bones

151
Q

Define dense irregular connective tissue

A

Collagen fibers are thicker than regular

152
Q

Where is dense irregular connective tissue found?

A

Skin in the dermis

firbrous joint capsules

fibrous coverings that surround some organs

153
Q

Where is elastic tissue found?

A

In the walls of large arteries

154
Q

Define erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells

155
Q

Define neutrophils

A

Most abundant type of white blood cell

156
Q

Define lymphocyte

A

Agranular white blood cell that arises from bone marrow and becomes functionally mature in the lymphoid organs of the body

157
Q

Define monocytes

A

Large single-nucleus white blood cell; agranular leukocyte

158
Q

Define eosinophils

A

Granular white blood cell whose granules readily take up an acid stain called eosin

159
Q

Define basophils

A

White blood cell whose granules stain puplish-black with basic dye

160
Q

Define platelets

A

A cell fragment found in blood; involved in clotting

161
Q

Define lymph

A

Protein-containing fluid transported by lymphatic vessels

162
Q

Define hyaline cartilage

A

The most abundant cartilage in the body

163
Q

Where is hyaline cartilage found?

A

The ends of long bones, absorbs compression at joints

Supports the tip of the nose

Connects the ribs to the sternum

Supports most of the respiratory system

Makes up the embryonic skeleton before the babies bone forms, it is also in the growth plates during childhood

164
Q

Define elastic cartilage

A

Has more elastic fibers than hyaline cartilage

165
Q

Where is elastic cartilage found?

A

External ear

epiglottis

166
Q

Define fibrocartilage

A

Rows of chondrocytes alternate with thick collagen fibers

167
Q

Where is fibrocartilage found?

A

interverebral discs

spongy cartilages of the knee

168
Q

Where is nervous tissue found?

A

Brain

spinal cord

nerves

169
Q

Define neurons

A

highly specialized nerve cells that generate and conduct nerve impulses

170
Q

What is the role of neurons

A

Respond to stimuli

Transmit electrical impulses over suvstantail distances

171
Q

Define axon

A

Neuron process that carries action potentials away from the nerve cell body; effernet process; the conducting portion of a nerve cell

172
Q

Define dendrites

A

Branching enuron process that serves as a receptive, or input, region; transmits an electrical signal toward the cell body

173
Q

Define synapse

A

Fucntional junction or point of close contact between two neurons or between a neuron and an effector cell

174
Q

Define neuromuscular junction

A

Region where a moton neuron comes into close contact with a skeletal muscle cell

175
Q

Define skeletal muscle

A

It is voluntary

They have banded or strieted appearance

Packed by connective tissue sheets

176
Q

Define cardiac muscle

A

Contains intercalated discs

Only found in the heart

177
Q

Define smooth muscle

A

No striations

Found in hollow organs

178
Q

What are the layers of the epidermis?

A

Stratum corneum

Stratum licuidum

Stratum granulosum

Stratum spinosum

Stratum basale

179
Q

What are layers of the dermis?

A

Papillary

Reticular

180
Q

What is the function of the eccrine sweat gland?

A

Temperature control

antibacterial properties

181
Q

Where are eccrine glands found?

A

Everywhere

But especially hands and feet

182
Q

What is the function of apocrine sweat glands?

A

May act as sexual scent gland

183
Q

Where is the apocrine sweat gland found?

A

Axillary and anogenital regions

184
Q

What is the function of the sebaceous gland?

A

Lucricate skin and hair

Help prevent water loss

Antibacterial porperties

185
Q

Where is the sebaceous gland found?

A

Everywhere except palms and soles

186
Q

Define keratinocytes

A

Deepest part of the pidermis , they form our epidermis

187
Q

What is the role of keratinocytes

A

Produces keratin, which gives the epidermis its protective properties

188
Q
A

Cortex

189
Q
A

Medulla

190
Q
A

cuticle

191
Q
A

Hair bulb

192
Q
A

Root

193
Q
A

Sheath

194
Q
A

Arrector pilli muscle

195
Q
A

Reticular layer

196
Q
A

Epidermis

197
Q
A

Papillary layer

198
Q
A

Dermis

199
Q
A

Adipose tissue

200
Q
A

Hair root

201
Q
A

Sebacous oil gland

202
Q
A

arrector pilli muscle

203
Q
A

Eccrine sweat gland

204
Q
A

Dermal papillae

205
Q
A

Hypodermis/Subcutaneous tissue

206
Q
A

Epidermis

207
Q
A

Dermis

208
Q
A

Reticular dermis

209
Q
A

Dermal papillae

210
Q
A

Appocrine sweat gland

211
Q

Define langerhans cells

A

They ingest foegin substances and are key activators of our immune system

212
Q

Where do langerhans cells come from

A

Bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis

213
Q

Define melanocyte

A

Epithelial cells that synthesize the pigment melanin

214
Q

Define meissner’s corpuscles

A

AKA tactile corpuscles

Small receptors

Found in the dermal papillae

A lot is the nipples, fingertips, soles

They are receptors for discriminative touch

215
Q

Define pacinian corpsucle

A

AKA lamellar corpuscles

Found in the dermis and suvcutaneous tissue

They respond only when pressure is first applied

Monitor vibration

216
Q

Define merkel cells

A

AKA tactile epithelial cells

Assocaited with a disclike sensory nerve ending

It is a sensory receptor for touch

217
Q

Define free nerve endings

A

They are light touch receptors that detect bending of hairs

218
Q

Define a process on a bone

A

Any bony prominence

219
Q

Define tuberosity

A

Large rounded projection; may be roughened

220
Q

Define tubercle

A

Small rounded prjection or process

221
Q

Define crest

A

Narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent

222
Q

Define spine

A

Sharp, slender, often pointed projection

223
Q

Define ramus

A

Branch of a nerve, artery, or bone

224
Q

Define a line of bone

A

Narrow ridge of bone; less prominent than a crest

225
Q

Define trochanter

A

Very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process

226
Q

Define a protuberance

A

A bony outgrowth or protruding part

227
Q

Define fossa

A

Shallow, basinlike depression in a bone, often serving as an artivular surface

228
Q

Define fovea

A

A pit

229
Q

Define groove

A

Furrow

230
Q

Define notch

A

indentation at the edge of a structure

231
Q

Define cavity

A

A hollow space within a bone

232
Q

Define sulcus

A

A furrow on the brain, less deep than a fissure

233
Q

Define foramen

A

Round or oval opening through a bone

234
Q

Define canal

A

A tubular passage or channel which connects different regions of the body

235
Q

Define sinus

A

Cavity within a bone, filled with air and lined with mucous membrane

236
Q

Define duct

A

a bodily tube or vessel especially when carrying the secretion of a gland

237
Q

Define meatus

A

Canal-like passageway

238
Q

Define Head

A

Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck

239
Q

Define condyle

A

Rounded articular projection; often articulates with a corresponding fossa

240
Q

Define trochlea

A

a structure resembling a pully, groove at the end of the humerus, forming the elbow joint

241
Q

Define facet

A

Smooth, nearly flat articular surface

242
Q
A

Inferior turbinate bones

243
Q
A

Malleus

244
Q
A

Incus

245
Q
A

Stapes

246
Q
A

Perpendicular plate

247
Q
A

Palatine bone

248
Q
A

Nasal crest

249
Q
A

Horizontal plate

250
Q
A

Lacrimal bone

251
Q
A

Zygomatic bone

252
Q
A

Inferior nasal conchae

253
Q
A

Vomer

254
Q
A

Hyoid bone

255
Q
A

Coastal cartilage

256
Q
A

Xiphoid process

257
Q
A

Body of the sternum

258
Q
A

Manubrium

259
Q
A

Jugular notch

260
Q
A

Calvicular notch

261
Q
A

True ribs

262
Q
A

False ribs

263
Q
A

Floating ribs

264
Q
A

Head of the rib

265
Q
A

Neck of rib

266
Q
A

Tubercle of rib

267
Q
A

Angle of rib

268
Q
A

Axis

269
Q
A

Atlas

270
Q
A

Median sacral crest

271
Q
A

Lumbar vertebra

272
Q
A

Thoracic vertebra

273
Q
A

Cervical vertabra

274
Q
A

Inferior articular process

275
Q
A

Transverse foramen

276
Q
A

Superior articlar process

277
Q
A

Body of the vertebra

278
Q
A

Coccyx

279
Q
A

Intervertebral foramen

280
Q
A

Transverse process

281
Q
A

Spinous process

282
Q
A

Coronoid process

283
Q
A

Head of ulna

284
Q
A

Ulnar styloid process

285
Q
A

Radial notch of ulna

286
Q
A

Trochlear notch

287
Q
A

Olecranon process

288
Q
A

Coronoid process

289
Q
A

Lateral epicondyle

290
Q
A

Medial epicondyle

291
Q
A

Olecranon fossa

292
Q
A

Capitulum

293
Q
A

Trochlea

294
Q
A

Lesser tubercle

295
Q
A

Greater tubercle

296
Q
A

Head of humerus

297
Q
A

Infraspinous fossa

298
Q
A

Supraspinous fossa

299
Q
A

Spine

300
Q
A

Coracoid process

301
Q
A

Acromion

302
Q
A

Glenoid cavity

303
Q
A

Scapula

304
Q
A

Clavicle

305
Q

Number 9

A

Obturator foramen

306
Q

Number 8

A

Ischial tuberosity

307
Q

Number 5

A

Ischial spine

308
Q

Number 16

A

Superior ramus of pubis

309
Q

Number 19

A

Inferior ramus of pubis

310
Q

Number 7

A

Head of the femur

311
Q

Number 8

A

Neck of the femur

312
Q

Number 1

A

Greater trochanter

313
Q

Number 9

A

Lesser trochanter

314
Q

Number 12

A

Medial condyle

315
Q

Number 5

A

Lateral condyle

316
Q

Number 11

A

Medial epicondyle

317
Q

Number 4

A

Lateral epicondyle

318
Q

Name the bone

A

Tibia

319
Q

Number 4

A

Medial condyle

320
Q

Number 1

A

Lateral condyle

321
Q

Number 2

A

Tibial tuberosity

322
Q

Number 5

A

Medial malleolus

323
Q

Name the bone

A

Fibula

324
Q

Number 1

A

Head of the fibula

325
Q

Number 3

A

Lateral malleolus

326
Q

Number 1

A

Calcaneus

327
Q

Number 2

A

Cuboid

328
Q

Number 3

A

Lateral cuneiform

329
Q

Number 4

A

Metatarsals

330
Q

Number 8

A

Talus

331
Q

Number 9

A

Navicular

332
Q

Number 10

A

Intermediate cuneiform

333
Q

Number 11

A

Medial cuneiform

334
Q

Number 12

A

Metatarsal

335
Q

Number 13

A

Phalange

336
Q

Number 11

A

Pubic symphysis

337
Q

Number 15

A

Acetabulum

338
Q

Number 7

A

Ulnar notch

339
Q

Number 2

A

Radial tuberosity

340
Q

Number 4

A

Styloid process

341
Q

Number 1

A

Head of the radius

342
Q
A

Biology 202 (4 decks)

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