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BIO 1202 > Lab Components > Flashcards

Lab Components Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ninhydrin Test

A
  • Tests for presence of amino acids
  • Positive test will yield purple
  • NEVER BOIL OR HEAT UP
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2
Q

Dische Diphenylamine

A

Reacts with deoxyribose sugar in DNA and forms a blue complex

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3
Q

Biuret Test

A
  • Reacts specifically with peptide bonds formed between amino acid groups.
  • Colour changed from blue to violet in the presence of proteins (long amino acids)
  • Colour changes from blue to light purple in the presence of peptides (short chains)
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4
Q

Starch (Iodine) Test

A
  • Tests for the presence of starch (aka Polymer Amylose)
  • Positive test for starch will yield blue/black
  • Positive test for glycogen will yield reddish brown
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5
Q

Barfoed’s Test

A
  • Tests for the presence of monosaccharides
  • Positive test will yield a red precipitate
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6
Q

Benedict’s Test

A
  • Tests for reducing sugars in monosaccharides and many disaccharides
  • Positive test will form a precipitate ranging in colour from green to red/brown
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7
Q

Serial Dilution

A

Dilution that greatly amplifies the dilution factor between each step in the experiment

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8
Q

Miscibility test

A

Test for lipids

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9
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Adding water to molecules (H and OH) to break covalent bonds and form a new model

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10
Q

Dehydration synthesis

A

Removes water (H and OH) ion from molecules to form a new model

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11
Q

Depth of focus

A

Part that is clear when viewing a slide on a microscope and the rest is blurry

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12
Q

Simple staining

A

Does not offer any diagnostic information as it simply dyes the specimen for better viewing

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13
Q

Diagnostic staining

A

Shows membrane bound organelles

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14
Q

Transmission electron microscope

A
  • Specimens are stained with metal to absorb electrons and enhance contrast
  • Shows image of internal cellular structure
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15
Q

Scanning electron microscope

A
  • Directs electron beam over pre-coated specimen
  • Provides 3D image, chemical composition, electrical properties and structural characteristics
  • Only look at dead cells because electrons would destroy a live sample
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16
Q

Concave lens

A

Imports a real image that is right side up

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17
Q

Convex lens

A

Imports an virtual inverted upside down image

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18
Q

Dissecting microscope

A

Contains only a concave lens rendering a real 3D image

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19
Q

Parfocal

A

When a slide is in focus with lowest power and it should almost be focused with the next highest lens

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20
Q

Peptone

A

A protein that is formed by partial hydrolysis under acidic conditions

21
Q

Albumin

A

A single protein in animal and plant fluids and tissues

22
Q

Amyloplast

A

A plastid in plant cells that are double enveloped organelles

23
Q

Tonoplast

A

Semi-permeable membrane surrounding a vacuole in plant cells that regulates movement of ions around the cell

24
Q

Central vacuole

A

Large vacuole in plants that are filled with fluids and molecules

25
Q

Betacyanin

A

Red pigment in beet cells

26
Q

Centrosome

A

Cellular structure involved in cell division

27
Q

Vacuole

A

Organelle in eukaryotes that sequester waste product in animals and maintains water balance in plants

28
Q

Passive transport

A

Type of membrane transport that doesn’t require energy as it goes along concentration gradient and moves molecules from high [ ] to low [ ]

29
Q

Brownian movement

A

Random movement of microscopic particles suspended in liquid or gas

30
Q

Solute

A

A substance that is dissolved in a solution

31
Q

Solvent

A

A substance that is capable of dissolving substances

32
Q

Agar

A

A petri dish that contains a growth medium solidifies with agar to culture microorganisms

33
Q

Osmosis

A

Movement of water molecules in a solution with high [ ] to an area of low [ ] through a semi-permeable membrane

34
Q

Osmosis in animal cells

A

helps with absorbing water from intestines into blodd

35
Q

Osmosis in plant cells

A

Responsible for absorption of water from soil and conducting it to the upper parts of a plant

36
Q

Diffusion

A

Particles move from an area of high [ ] to an area of low [ ] until equilibrium is reached

37
Q

Turgidity

A

When the cells membrane pushes against the cell wall when turgor pressure is high (when turgor pressure is low plant is flaccid)

38
Q

Flaccid

A

When turgor pressure is low so plant is floppy, wilted and loose

39
Q

Tonicity

A

The ability to make water move in and out of the cell by osmosis (hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic)

40
Q

Hypertonic solution

A

A net movement of water OUT of the cell, causing it to lose volume
(A solution is hypertonic to a cell if the solute [ ] outside cell is higher than inside cell)

41
Q

Hypotonic solution

A

A net movement of water INTO the cell, causing it to gain volume
(A solution is hypotonic to a cell if the solute [ ] outside the cell is lower than inside the cell)

42
Q

Isotonic solution

A

No net movement of water and the cell stays the same

43
Q

Turgor pressure

A

Prevents the cell bursting in plants from hypotonic solution

44
Q

Plasmolysis

A

When cells lose water to a hypertonic solution (becomes flaccid)

45
Q

Deplasmolysis

A

When a plant cell becomes hypotonic and regains turgor pressure

46
Q

Crenated cells

A

When red cells change their shape from being exposed to a hypertonic solution

47
Q

Hemolysis

A

Breaking down of red blood cells

48
Q

Lysis

A

Break down of a cell from damage to the plasma membrane

BIO 1202 (6 decks)

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