Lab-Chapter 2 Flashcards
Nucleus-
Contains DNA that has all the instructions for building the entire body
Plasma membrane-
Selectively permeable, lipid-based barrier, enclosed and separates cell’s internal environment from external environment
Nucleolus-
1 or more dark spots in nucleus, site where ribosomes are assembled
Cytoplasm-
All cell components extending from outside of nucleus to inside of plasma membrane, consist of cytosol, organelles, inclusions
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum:
Metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates; drug detoxification
Rough ER:
Cell’s membrane factory, important in protein synthesis
Golgi Apparatus:
UPS of cell, packages proteins for specific destinations
Ribosome:
Site of protein synthesis, attach to rough ER
Mitochondrion:
Captures heat to produce ATP
Lysosome:
Contains digestive enzymes; plentiful in phagocytes
Peroxisome:
Detoxes poisons & disarms free radicals
Centrioles:
Plays a roll in cell division
Cytoskeleton:
Network of various strong string-like proteins that give shape and support to cell
Microvilli:
Tiny, finger-like extensions of plasma membrane
Cilia:
Whip-like cellular extensions that move substances along cell surface
Flagella:
Projections formed by centrioles that are very long
4 main types of tissue:
Epithelial
Muscular
Nervous
Connective
Epithelial Tissue-
- Single row cells, tightly packed together, exposed surface, bound surface(usually adipose tissue underneath and muscle beneath that)
- Line hollow organs; skin
Muscle Tissue:
- Contract to produce movement, layers of cells packed together
- Smooth muscle-organs
- Skeletal muscle-bones
- cardiac muscle-heart
Nervous Tissue-
Star-shaped, brain, spine, nerves
Connective Tissue:
- Packing, attachment, cushion, warmth, protection, support. Most varied and abundant tissue.
- Tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone, blood
Collagen fibers:
White, High textile strength
Elastic fibers:
Yellow, can stretch and recoil
Reticular fibers:
Form internal “skeleton” of soft organs