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Microbiology Lab > Lab After First Practical > Flashcards

Lab After First Practical Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

catalase bubbling immediately means blank

A

positive, aerobic

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2
Q

catalase bubbling after a delay means blank

A

positive, facultative

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3
Q

catalase not bubbling means blank

A

negative, anaerobic

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4
Q

example of positive catalase

A

S. aureus

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5
Q

example of negative catalase

A

S. pyogenes

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6
Q

oxidase test needs a few drops of blank

A

paraamino

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7
Q

oxidase test that does not change colors means

A

negative

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8
Q

oxidase test that changes purple after 30 seconds means

A

positive

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9
Q

example of positive oxidase

A

A. faecalis

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10
Q

example of negative oxidase

A

E. coli

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11
Q

nitrate becomes nitrite (NO2) via

A

nitrate reductase

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12
Q

I in the IMVIC test means

A

indole

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13
Q

M in the IMVIC test means

A

methyl red

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14
Q

V in the IMVIC test means

A

voges proskauer

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15
Q

C in the IMVIC test means

A

citrate

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16
Q

indole test uses the blank media

A

SIM’s

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17
Q

indole test uses enzyme blank

A

tryptophanase

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18
Q

indole test has tryptophane turning into blank and blank

A

indole, pyruvic acid

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19
Q

test reagent used in indole

A

kovac’s

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20
Q

red ring kovac’s test means

A

positive for tryptophanase

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21
Q

gold ring kovac’s test means

A

negative for tryptophanase

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22
Q

methyl red in MRVP tests for glucose fermenting into blank

A

mixed acids

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23
Q

red methyl red test means

A

positive for mixed acid fermentation

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24
Q

no change methyl red test means

A

negative for mixed acid fermentation

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25
Q

VPA in VP test

A

naphthol

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26
Q

VPB in VP test

A

KOH

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27
Q

how long to wait during VP test

A

30 minutes

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28
Q

VP test in MRVP tests for glucose fermenting into blank

A

alcohol

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29
Q

red VP test means

A

positive for alcohol products

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30
Q

no change VP test means

A

negative for alcohol products

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31
Q

two enzymes in citrate test

A

citrate permease, citrase

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32
Q

pH in citrate

A

bromthymol blue

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33
Q

blue citrate slant means

A

positively can use citrate

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34
Q

green citrate slant means

A

can’t use citrate

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35
Q

red tube of nitrate test means

A

positive NO3

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36
Q

no change in nitrate test tube means

A

add Zn dust

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37
Q

red tube of nitrate after adding Zn dust means

A

negative, no reduction

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38
Q

no change in tube of nitrate after adding Zn dust means

A

positive for NH3

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39
Q

positive red ring indole test example

A

E. coli

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40
Q

negative gold ring indole test example

A

A. faecalis or E. aerogenes

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41
Q

positive red methyl red test and negative VP test example

A

E. coli

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42
Q

negative methyl red test and positive red VP test example

A

E. aerogenes

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43
Q

negative methyl red test and negative VP test

A

A. faecalis

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44
Q

negative MR and VP tests mean that the bacteria blank

A

does not use glucose

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45
Q

negative green citrate test example

A

E. coli

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46
Q

positive blue citrate test example

A

A. faecalis or E. aerogenes

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47
Q

positive red nitrate test without zinc that makes NO2 example

A

E. coli

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48
Q

negative nitrate test with zinc that makes NH3

A

P. aeruginosa

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49
Q

a super reducer of nitrate makes blank

A

NH3

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50
Q

negative nitrate test without zinc but positive with zinc that does not make anything example

A

A. faecalis

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51
Q

H2S test medium

A

SIMS

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52
Q

if H2S is positive it contains the enzyme blank

A

cysteine desulfinase

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53
Q

H2S reacts with blank in media to form black Fe precipitate

A

ferrous sulfate

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54
Q

positive H2S color is blank

A

black

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55
Q

example of no H2S production that is motile

A

E. coli

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56
Q

example of positive H2S production

A

S. typhimurium

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57
Q

pH indicator in Urease test

A

phenol red

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58
Q

urea is hydrolyzed into

A

CO2, H2O, NH3

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59
Q

positive urease test is blank color

A

dark pinkish

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60
Q

example of positive urease test

A

P. vulgaris

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61
Q

example of negative urease test

A

E. coli

62
Q

with the lid on during radiation, blank grew

A

all microbes

63
Q

example of most resistant to radiation microbe because of blank

A

A. niger, spores

64
Q

example of least resistant to radiation microbe

A

S. marcescens

65
Q

blank formed spores in moist heat test because it grew at high temperatures

A

A. niger

66
Q

example that did not grow at high temperatures in moist heat

A

S. aureus

67
Q

drug that is all natural

A

antibiotic

68
Q

drug that is man made

A

synthetic

69
Q

drug that is part natural and part man made

A

semi synthetic

70
Q

drug that covers wide range of organisms

A

broad spectrum

71
Q

example of broad spectrum drug

A

tetracycline

72
Q

drug that does not cover wide range of organisms

A

narrow spectrum

73
Q

method for antibiotic plate

A

lawn

74
Q

to make the lawn use a blank

A

q tip

75
Q

if there are zones of no growth around the antibiotic then it is called a blank

A

zone of inhibition

76
Q

the larger the zone, the blank effective the antibiotic

A

more

77
Q

no zones of inhibition around antibiotic means the bacteria was blank

A

resistant

78
Q

mode of action of penicillin

A

weakens peptidoglycan structure

79
Q

mode of action of streptomycin

A

interferes protein synthesis

80
Q

mode of action of chloramphenicol

A

prevents peptide bond formation in protein synthesis

81
Q

mode of action of tetracyclines

A

prevents hydrogen bonding in protein synthesis

82
Q

mode of action of bacitracin

A

inhibits cell wall synthesis

83
Q

mode of action of polymyxin

A

destroys cell membrane

84
Q

mode of action of rifampin

A

inhibits RNA synthesis

85
Q

mode of action of quinolone

A

inhibits DNA synthesis

86
Q

method of disinfectant plates are about the same as blank plates

A

antibiotic

87
Q

mechanism of action of phenol

A

denatures proteins

88
Q

mechanism of action of cresols

A

denatures proteins

89
Q

mechanism of action of hexachlorophene

A

denatures proteins

90
Q

mechanism of action of alcohols

A

denatures proteins

91
Q

mechanism of action of halogens

A

oxidizing agen

92
Q

mechanism of action of iodine

A

precipitates proteins

93
Q

mechanism of action of heavy metals like mercury

A

precipitates proteins

94
Q

mechanism of action of organic mercurials

A

precipitates proteins but not as irritating as heavy metal mercury

95
Q

mechanism of action of wetting agents like soap and detergents

A

alters cell permeability

96
Q

mechanism of action of formaldehyde

A

reduces enzymes

97
Q

mechanism of action of ethylene oxide

A

reduces enzymes

98
Q

incorporation of naked DNA

A

transformation

99
Q

transformation occurs best when the bacteria is blank which occurs in the the late blank phase

A

competant, log

100
Q

one way to make cells competant

A

use high salt concentrations or cycles of heat

101
Q

control plate in transformation experiment showed blank with what color

A

growth, white colonies

102
Q

control plate in transformation experiment with ampicillin showed blank

A

no growth

103
Q

pGal plate in transpormation experiment with ampicillin showed blank

A

growth, blue and white colonies

104
Q

blue colonies mean

A

total transformation of DNA

105
Q

white colonies mean

A

no transformation of DNA

106
Q

this is ampicillin sensitive

A

E. coli

107
Q

this is ampicillin resistant

A

plasmid

108
Q

virus that infects bacteria

A

bacteriophage

109
Q

this means that a virus can cause a disease

A

virulent

110
Q

spaces of clear left behind by dead bacteria destroyed by viruses

A

plaques

111
Q

1 plaque represents

A

1 virus that infected the bacteria

112
Q

cyanobacteria are blank

A

prokaryotes

113
Q

algae are blank

A

eukaryotes

114
Q

three characteristics of algae

A

colonial, filamentous, chlorophylls

115
Q

one way phyla of multicellular algae are separated

A

types of photosynthetic pigment, cell wall composition, photosynthetic storage products

116
Q

red algae

A

rhodophyta

117
Q

brown algae

A

phaeophyta

118
Q

red and brown algae are usually blank

A

macroscopic

119
Q

chocolate agar checks for blank

A

neisseria

120
Q

mueller hinton tests for

A

diphtheroids

121
Q

sabourad agar finds

A

yeast/mold

122
Q

alpha hemolytic can mean this type of strep

A

pneumoniae

123
Q

beta hemolytic means this

A

strep throat

124
Q

gamma hemolytic means

A

not pathogenic

125
Q

groups a, b, c in serologic classification of hemolysis are

A

beta

126
Q

group d in serologic classification of hemolysis is

A

alpha

127
Q

fever after delivering baby and the washing hands story

A

puerperal fever

128
Q

six virulence toxins

A

hemolysin, leucocidin, erythrogenic, hyaluronidase, streptokinase, nuclease

129
Q

virulence toxin that lyses red blood cells

A

hemolysin

130
Q

virulence toxin that kills white blood cells

A

leucocidin

131
Q

virulence toxin that is scarlet fever the red rash

A

erythrogenic

132
Q

virulence toxin that spreads bacteria in connective tissue

A

hyaluronidase

133
Q

virulence toxin where clots are formed to isolate them

A

streptokinase

134
Q

virulence toxin that destroys tissue allowing spread

A

nuclease

135
Q

What does mosquito give man?

A

sporozoites

136
Q

sporozoites go into blank which then release them as blank

A

liver, merozoites

137
Q

one fact of slime mold

A

free living

138
Q

normal flora on skin

A

staphylococci

139
Q

normal flora on eye conjunctiva

A

staphylococci

140
Q

normal flora on upper respiratory tract

A

staphylococci

141
Q

normal flora in mouth

A

staphylococci

142
Q

normal flora in intestinal tract

A

enterococci

143
Q

normal flora in genitourinary tract

A

staphylococci

144
Q

sabourad agar mold looks blank while yeast looks blank

A

fuzzy, round shiny dots

145
Q

all blank strains are salt tolerant

A

Staphylococcus

146
Q

only strain that does not ferment mannitol

A

S. epidermidis

147
Q

exhibits gamma or alpha hemolysis strain of staph

A

epidermidis

148
Q

exhibits beta hemolysis strain of staph

A

aureus

149
Q

exhibits alpha hemolysis only, strain of staph

A

saprophiticus

150
Q

nitrate A is

A

sulfanilic acid

151
Q

nitrate B is

A

alpha naphthylamine

Microbiology Lab (4 decks)

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