Lab 8 Vertebrates Flashcards
The scientific names of:
- wrist
- fingers and toes
- jaw
- tail bone
- shoulder
- shin
- hip
- knee
- knuckles
- thigh
- carpals
- phalanges
- mandible
- coccyx
- clavicle
- tibia
- ilium
- patella
- metacarpals
- femur
Three kinds of teeth
- Incisors- found in front, and are for bitting or nipping
- Canines- enlarged and pointed, and are used for ripping and earing
- Molariform (molars and premolars)- farther back in the mouth, and are used for crushing and grinding.
herbivore: eats plants
carnivore: eats meat
omnivore: eats both plants and meat
Skeletal specializations of birds
- hollow bones
- large sternum for flight muscles
- no teeth
- less movable joints
Oviparous
an animal that lays eggs
viviparous
young that develops inside of the mother, obtaining nourishment from her through an attachment and are born not hatched (live-birth)
Ovoviviparous
Eggs are retained within the mother, hatch inside of her, live off of yolk and then live young are born.
Heterothermic
“cold-blooded” temperature varies depending on surrounding.
Homeothermic
“warm-blooded” and maintaining a constant temperature despite external factors.
Class: Agnatha
lamprey, hag fish
- no jaws, but sucker-like mouth
- no paired fins
- eel-like
- slimy
- no scales
- endoskeleton
- heterothermic
- oviparous
Class: Chondrichthyes
sharks, rays, skates
- cartilage skeleton
- small spiny scales
- large perctoral fins
- gill slits
- heterothermic
- oviparous
Class: Osteichthyes
perch, tuna, trout, bass
- bony endoskeleton
- operculum covers gills
- large
- overlapping scales
- swim bladder
- heterothermic
- oviparous
Class: Amphibia
frogs, roads, salamanders 0land adult -aquatic larva -no claws -moist skin -heterothermic -oviparous
Class: Reptilia
lizards, snakes, crocodiles -land eggs -dry scaly skin -claws (except snakes) -heterothermic -oviparous
Class: Aves
finch, craw, robin, blue jay, hawk, seagull
- feathers,
- most can fly,
- homeothermic,
- land eggs,
- care for young
- oviparous
Mammalia
mice, dogs, cats, humans
- hair
- mammary glands
- homeothermic
- live birth
- care for young
- viviparous, oviparous
How many: -cervical vertebrae -thoracic -lumbar sacral caudal
- 7
- 12
- 5
- 5
- 4
What kind of joint are:
- hip joint (pelvis + femur)
- elbow (humerus + ulna)
- elbow (humerus + radius)
- cranium (temporal + parietal)
- knee cap (patella)
- shoulder (humerus + scapula)
- wrist (carpals)
- ball and socket
- hinge
- ball and socket
- immovable
- gliding
- ball and socket
- gliding
What skeletal structure are the flight muscles attached to in a bird, and how it is different from a humans?
Sternum. It’s shaped like a U instead of being straight.
Name the bones of a chicken
- Thigh
- drumstick
- breast
- back
- wishbone
- femur
- tibia-tarsus
- sternum
- synsacrum
- fercula
