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BIOL210L > Lab 7 - Lissamphibia, Circulation, Respiration > Flashcards

Lab 7 - Lissamphibia, Circulation, Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

What does amphibian mean

A

amphi and bios - Both/dual life

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2
Q

Many terrestrial amphibians must return to the water for:

A

Reproduction

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3
Q

Adaptations for terrestrial success

A

Lungs for respiration and limbs for locomotion

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4
Q

Where does gas exchange occur in amphibians?

A

Lungs and moist skin

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5
Q

Change in prey capture:

A

Due to locomotion awkwardness because of limb modification: changed from swift pursuit (bodily locomotino) to snapping at prey (movement of head only)

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6
Q

Morphological changes due to snapping at prey

A

Head frree from pectoral girdle, developed neck and elongated snout

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7
Q

Lissamphibia

A

Clade of all living amphibians (extant)

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8
Q

Taxa of Lissamphibia

A

Anura (frogs and toads), Caudata (salamanders), Gymnophiona (caecilians)

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9
Q

Gymnophiona

A

Burrown underground, some fully aquatic, visible segments, lack limbs, paired sensory structures and reduced eyes. Order name means “naked snake”

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10
Q

Anura

A

Without a tail. Body divided into head and trunk, joined by neck.

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11
Q

External Nares and Intenral nares

A

On head of anura, used for olfaction and respiration (like nostrils that connect to inside of mouth)

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12
Q

Tympanium

A

Eardrum, outer boundary of middle ear. Used to detect sound. Behind eye

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13
Q

Forelimb and Hindlimb modification

A

forelimbs smaller, used for terrestrial locomotion. Hindlimbs larger, with webbing, used for aquatic locomotion

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14
Q

Caudata

A

with a tail, typicallys alamanders. Hind/forelimbs equal in size. Most ancient amphibians. Many lack lungs and rely on skin for respiration

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15
Q

Paedomorphosis

A

A permanent “larva” or organism that is able to sexually reproduce while in a larval body

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16
Q

Mudpuppy

A

aquatic US salamander that has paedomorphosis. The most observable characteristic of it being a larva is external gills, which would disappear if it was an adult. Additionally it has eyes without movable lids and a lateral line system like fish do.

17
Q

Newt vs salamander

A

Has rougher, less slimy skin than salamanders

18
Q

https://prnt.sc/SLWXXM6UHwD4 | https://prnt.sc/UVzSvkZJylVM

What amphibian is this (scientific and common), what order does it belong to, and what distinguishing characteristics does it have?

A

Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis). Caudata

Large and flattened. Aquatic. Has THICK, FLESHY FOLD of skin along sides, which increases surface area for respiration. Live in Davidson and Mills Rivers. Population decreasing due to pollution. Feeds on crayfish and fish.

19
Q

https://prnt.sc/6icx5GBoJife | https://prnt.sc/Qa_Bo7eSEO1b

What amphibian is this (scientific and common), what order does it belong to, and what distinguishing characteristics does it have?

A

Mudpuppy (Necturus maculosus). Caudata

Large neotenic. Northeast/east-central US. BUSHY GILLS and ONLY FOUR TOES ON EACH HIND FOOT. Max size 1 foot. Paedomorphosis

20
Q

https://prnt.sc/NwwqEKfcb6-1 |https://prnt.sc/9mqFurQkR6nC

What amphibian is this (scientific and common), what order does it belong to, and what distinguishing characteristics does it have?

A

Three-toed amphiuma (Amphiuma tridactylum). Caudata

One-toed,two-toed-three-toed variants in SE US. Digits different on rear limbs. Live in swamps and ditches, and can withstand droughts by burrowing. Eat insects, crayfish, and fish. Eggs laid just above water line, guarded by females.

21
Q

https://prnt.sc/p2_5sWnHzk_j |https://prnt.sc/W940tNo-FzIC

What amphibian is this (scientific and common), what order does it belong to, and what distinguishing characteristics does it have?

A

Red Salamander (Pseudotriton ruber). Caudata

Medium sized with black spots on red dorsum. Live in small streams. Sometimes eat other salamanders, prolonged larval stage 2-3 years.

22
Q

https://prnt.sc/luaaK27NG5Bo | https://prnt.sc/9E1PNf-bJKeJ

What amphibian is this (scientific and common), what order does it belong to, and what distinguishing characteristics does it have?

A

Spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum). Caudata

Common thru eastern US and breed in ponds. Dark with yellow spots. Eggs deposited in late winter.

23
Q

https://prnt.sc/yqN-wSrxsZ4M | https://prnt.sc/2yXUHrDKr1A3

What amphibian is this (scientific and common), what order does it belong to, and what distinguishing characteristics does it have?

A

Eastern newt (Notophthalmus viridescens). Caudata

Common in NC in permanant ponds or lakes. Aquatic larval stage 3-4 months, then terrestrial RED EFT stage that lives on land for 7-8 years, returns to water for reproduction in adult stage

BIOL210L (7 decks)

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