Lab 7 - Comparison of Musculature Flashcards
What kind of information can superficial muscles of vertebrates provide us?
It gives us information on the locomotory patterns of an animal as well as information on feeding
Which categories can muscles be divided into?
Visceral and somatic
What is the difference between somatic and visceral muscles?
Somatic muscles - striated, associated with the outer tube of the body and appendages
Visceral muscles - associated with the inner tube of the body and make up the muscles of the gut (smooth), the walls of the pharynx (striated), and the visceral arches (striated).
How can the somatic muscles further be broken down?
Into axial and appendicular groups.
What is the difference between axial and appendicular muscles?
Correspond with the axial and appendicular skeletal components.
What is the origin?
The more stable or fixed end of the bone to which the muscle is attached
What is the insertion?
The end of the bone opposite to the origin, and its the movable end
What is a tendon made up of?
The tendon is the muscle to bone connection that is made up of connective tissue
What is a myomere?
Zigzag-shaped muscles
What are the terms used for dorsal and ventral muscles respectively?
Epaxial muscles; Hypaxial muscles
Where are the fin extensor and flexor muscles compared to each other? How do they move?
Fin extensor is on the top, so when it contracts it pulls the fin upwards.
Fin flexor is on the bottom, so when it contracts it pulls the fin downwards.
What does the adductor mandibulae do? Which animals did we look at that had it?
Closes the jaws.
It was in the Squalus (dogfish) and Necturus (mudpuppy).
What is the levator palatoquadrati? Which animals had this?
It helps lift the palatoquadrate cartilage during prey capture.
It was only in the Squalus (dogfish), because only chondrichthyes don’t have their upper jaw fused.
What does the epaxial musculature of Necturus consist of?
Longitudinal muscle called Dorsalis Trunci.
What does the hypaxial musculature of Necturus consist of?
External oblique, Internal oblique, Transversus (from deep to superficial)
