Lab 7: comparative anatomy

Question 1

learning objectives

Answer 1

• > Demonstrate proper use of dissection tools and anatomical terminology to explore the anatomy of an organism in three dimensions.
• > Identify the major organs/tissues/cells in the specified organ systems of the earthworm, rodent, and terrestrial isopod and be able to discuss their functions comparatively considering the lifestyle of each organism.
• > Discuss the importance of structure: function connections when considering organisms, such as the terrestrial isopod, for experimental studies.

Question 2

earthworm- gastrointestinal

Answer 2

mouth, pharynx,
esophagus, crop, gizzard,
intestine, anus

Question 3

earthworm- excretory

Answer 3

nephridia

Question 4

earthworm-circulatory

Answer 4

5 aortic arches (pseudo
hearts), dorsal and ventral
blood vessels

Question 5

rat- gastrointestinal

Answer 5

mouth, esophagus,
stomach, liver, pancreas,
small intestine, colon.

Question 6

rat-excretory

Answer 6

Kidney, ureters, bladder,

Anus

Question 7

rat- circulatory

Answer 7

Atria, Ventricles, Arteries,

Capillaries, Veins

Question 8

isopod- gastrointestinal

Answer 8

mandibles, maxilliped,
mouth, esophagus,
stomach, foregut,
hepatopancreas caeca,
hindgut, rectum and anus

Question 9

isopod- excretory

Answer 9

maxillary glands (end
sac, valve, and excretory
duct), water conductance
system (WCS), pleopods,
hindgut, and rectum

Question 10

isopod- circulatory

Answer 10

aorta, heart (ventricle),
accompanying arteries,
lateral cardiac arteries,
pleopodal sinuses, pericardial
space, and ostia

Question 11

respiratory systems

Answer 11

earthworm: skin

rat: mouth, nose, trachea,
diaphragm, and lungs

isopod: Pleopods (exopodites and
endopodites)
Pseudotrachea (air trees)