Lab 7 Flashcards
The number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time
Frequency
Height of the wave from baseline to crest
Amplitude
The shape and form of a signal
Waveform
The length from the crest of one peal to the crest of the next peak
Wavelength
3 Muscle Tissue Types
Skeletal, smooth, & cardiac
Which muscle tissue type makes up about 40% of the cell mass of the body?
Skeletal Muscle
Each muscle os made up of individual _______ organized in fascicles.
muscle fibers (muscle cells)
Loss of muscle functioning as a consequence of strokes damaging neurons in the brain
upper motor neuron lesions
Excitability
Contractility
Extensibility
Elasticity
An entire muscle will not only have muscle fibers, but also … within it
nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue
Tendons
connective tissues that attach muscle to bone
Muscle attachments can be direct or indirect. T or F?
True
If the periosteum or perichondrium is fused w/ the muscle’s epimysium, then this is a _______ attachment.
Direct attachment
_________ attachments are more durable, smaller, and are more common.
Indirect attachments
A tendon or ____________ is an example of an indirect attachment.
aponeurosis
Two or more muscles usually work ______________.
antagonistically
In this arrangement, as one muscle contracts and shortens, its antagonist relaxes and elongates.
antagonistically
The ___________ is the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber
sarcolemma
__________ is the cytoplasm of a muscle fiber.
sarcoplasm
Muscle cells contain lots of _____________, which stores oxygen and glycosomes.
myoglobin
granules of glycogen that can be broken down to supply ATP from glucose for energy
Glycosomes
Most of the intracellular volume of skeletal muscle cells is taken up by organelles called ___________, which are repeating units of sarcomeres.
myofibrils
The smallest “atomic” contractile units of skeletal muscle fibers.
sarcomeres
Skeletal muscle is striated because the dark _______ bands and light ________ within the sarcomeres are perfectly lined besides one another.
A bands; I bands
Each A band has a middle region that is slightly light called the ___________
H zone (or H band)
The I band has a dark midline region termed the ________.
Z line (or Z disc)
The __________ runs from Z line to Z line.
sarcomere
The thick filaments contain the protein _________ and run the length of the A band
myosin
Each thick filament can contain over ______ myosin molecules
300
When a muscle contracts, the globular myosin heads link the thick and thin filaments together making ____________, and swivel as motors to create force that shortens the sarcomere.
cross bridges
Elastic filaments are made of the protein ________
titin
The thin filament consists of a helix of two actin subunit strands plus the proteins _________ and _____________.
tropomyosin; troponin
Cross bridge formation where myosin-binding site is blocked
Relaxed
Cross bridge formation where myosin-binding site is exposed
During contraction
A myosin head, in its high-energy configuration, binds to an exposed myosin-binding site on the actin filament.
Binding
ADP and inorganic phosphate are released from the myosin head, returning it to its low-energy stake, resulting in a power stroke.
Power Stroke
ATP binds to the myosin head, causing detachment
Detaching
Cocking
