Lab 6 Shapes Of Animals Flashcards
What do the stomach & intestines do?
Facilitate feeding & digestion
What are organs?
Structures in bodies of organisms that perform specific, life sustaining functions.
What do the heart & blood vessels do?
They circulate materials throughout the body
What do the lungs do?
Supply oxygen to body
What do the kidneys do?
Remove toxic substances
What organs do jellyfishes not have?
Heart & blood vessels
What structures are not in a tapeworm?
Digestive
What structures are not in a round worm?
Respiratory organs
In animals, what process produces gametes?
Meiosis
What is a ratio?
A comparison of one quantity to another quantity
Sexual life cycles of microorganisms, fungi, & plants are of 2 principle types
- The haploid life cycle
2. Alternation of generations
What are life cycles characterized by?
Where mitosis occurs
What sexual life cycle are most animals characterized by?
Diploid sexual life cycle
What is the step by step process of sexual reproduction?
- Sperm penetrates egg
- Embryonic development
- Birth
- Growth
- Larval development & metamorphosis (in most species
- Aging
- Death
What is morphogenetic cell movements?
Converting the fertilized egg into a mature animal.
What major group of marine animals do starfish, sea urchins, & & sand dollars belong?
Echinodermata
How do Echinoderms reproduce?
They release both sperm & eggs into the environment so that fertilization & development can occur external to the adult organism
What color are developing embryos?
Essentially transparent.
Why is yolk?
Stored food
What are isolecithal eggs?
Eggs with a small amount of yolk that is evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasm
What are the stages of cleavage?
- Unfertilized egg
- 2 celled embryo
- 4-celled embryo
- 8-celled embryo
- Morula
- Blastula
- Early gastrula
- Late gastrula
- Late gastrula
Identification of unfertilized egg
Single large nucleus containing a prominent nucleolus
2 celled organism
Establishes left & right sides of the animal
4- celled embryo
Establishes anterior & posterior ends of the animal
8-celled embryo
Establishes dorsal & ventral halves of the animal.
What is the morula?
Solid grape like cluster of cells
What is the embryo composed of in blastula stage?
Single layer of cells which surrounds a fluid filled space
What is a blastocoel?
A fluid filled space in an embryo in the blastula stage
What is the vegetal hemisphere
The side of the blastocoel with larger cells
What is the animal hemisphere?
Side of the blastocoel with smaller cells
