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Physiology Labs 4-7 > Lab 6 > Flashcards

Lab 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What do Skeletal muscle cells do?

A

They Generate force
Which gets applied to bone
To creates movement

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2
Q

what Coordinates which muscles are used for a given moment

A

Central nervous system

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3
Q

What does a Somatic motor neuron do?

A

Delivers message by releasing acetylcholine to muscle cells that need to be activated

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4
Q

What are skeletal Muscle cells in a FB Loop?

A

Are effectors

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5
Q

What is Actin and myosin

A

Contractile proteins

more bonds more force

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6
Q

These contractile proteins are arranged within repeating patterns
they are Arranged end to end along the length of a cell with myofibrils

A

Sarcomeres

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7
Q

Bundles of contractile and elastic proteins responsible for muscle contraction

A

Myofibril

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8
Q

What is a Sarcoplasmic reticulum?

A

Membranous organelle that contains large quantities of calcium ions

Myofibrils are surrounded by Sarcoplasmic reticulum.

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9
Q

Muscle cell/fiber

A

Made up of many myofibrils

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10
Q

The membrane of a muscle cell
it has extensions that run deep
called transverse tubules

A

Sarcolemma

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11
Q

Electromyography

A

The recording of electrical activity of muscle tissue. Records the voltage that was produced

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12
Q

When a skeletal muscle contracts continuously or repetitively. The muscle cannot continue working at the current level.

A

Muscle fatigue

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13
Q

Motor unit

A

A motor unit is a motor neuron along with all the skeletal muscle fibers that it stimulates to contract.

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14
Q

The difference in the electrical charge inside the cell when the Cell is at rest -70

A

Resting membrane potential

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15
Q

If channels open for sodium in the cell membrane sodium moves through by the specific process

A

simple diffusion

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16
Q

Which step in a feedback loop is responsible for communicating with that effector?

A

Efferent pathway

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17
Q

The specific communication pathway used to communicate with skeletal muscle cells

A

Somatic motor neurons

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18
Q

Neurons that communicate with other cells by secreting a signal molecules are called _______ into the synaptic cleft?

A

Nerotransmitter

19
Q

The specific signal molecule sent to skeletal muscle cells is named?

A

Acetylcholine

20
Q

Receptor found on the membranes of the skeletal muscle

A

Nicotinic receptors

21
Q

what is a Motor unit?

A

One somatic motor neuron plus all the muscle fiber cells that innervates them

22
Q

Where is the exact site of tension development in muscle is?

A

The bond between proteins actin and myosin

23
Q 
Proteins synthesis 
up regulation (in Muscles)
A

More contractile proteins are produced and added to myofibrils

Steroid hormone serve as transcription factors to initiate the steps involved in proteins synthesis

24
Q

Hypertrophy

A

The enlargement of muscles

25
Q

Atrophy

A

The loss of muscles

Cell size

26
Q

Fine motor skills

A

Tiny well controlled movements low ratio muscle cells to somatic motor neuron

27
Q

Large powerful movements

one somatic motor neuron to many muscle cells

A

Gross motor skills

28
Q

Contract

A

To shorten or decrease in size

29
Q

what is a Isometric contraction?

A

There is no change in length of the activated muscle, so the same length of the activated muscle produces the same force

30
Q

Concentric contraction

or action

A

Activated muscle shortens

31
Q

Eccentric contraction

Or action

A

Muscle lengthens when activated

32
Q

Cause of fatigue

A

Depletion of creatine phosphate for the ATP-CP system

33
Q

Lactic acid

A

Accumulation of acid in the muscles inhibits phosphofructokinase

34
Q

Gluconeogenesis

A

Production of glucose from

non-carbohydrate molecules

35
Q

Central fatigue

A

Caused by depleting of glycogen proteins.

proteins are contributing more and more to energy demands of an activity

36
Q

Strength

A

The ability to generate force

37
Q

Dynamometer

A

Measures force in kilograms

38
Q

Electromyography

A

Electrical activity of skeletal muscles

39
Q

What Stimulate skeletal muscles to contract

A

Somatic motor neurons

40
Q

Contraction strength

A

Force generated by contraction of muscle

41
Q

As more motor units are recruited

A

Force generated increases

42
Q

Time to fatigue

A

Amount of time it takes for a muscle to decrease by 50%

43
Q

Forced decreases overtime due to?

A

A decrease in motor units

44
Q

When the signal molecule binds to the receptor on skeletal muscle cells there is an immediate opening through which sodium can pass. This receptor must be one of these general types of receptors?

A

Receptor channel

Physiology Labs 4-7 (4 decks)

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