Lab 5-Molecular Geometries

Question 1

The octet rule

Answer 1

Atoms often gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve the same number of electrons as the noble gas closest to them. There are many exeptions

Question 2

Electrostatic forces

Answer 2

Maintain the ions in a rigid, well defined, three-dimensional arrangement. Many solids are pliable

Question 3

Simplest covalent bond

Answer 3

H2

Question 4

Covalent bonding of attraction and repulsion

Answer 4

The two positively charged nuclei and the two negatively charged electrons repel each other, whereas the nuclei and electrons are attracted to one another.

Question 5

Electron density location

Answer 5

In between the two bonded atoms as they are attracted to each others nuclei

Question 6

Atoms obtain octets

Answer 6

By sharing more than one pair of electrons if they need

Question 7

Steps to draw a Lewis Structure

Answer 7

Sum the valence electrons from all the atoms, write the symbols and how the atoms are connected with single bonds, complete the octet of the outer atoms, put extra electrons on the central atom or multiple bonds.

Question 8

Formal charge

Answer 8

Is the charge that an atom in a molecule of ion would have if all atoms had the same electronegativity

Question 9

Formal charge calculation

Answer 9

Done for each atom. subtract the number of electrons assigned to the atom from the number of valence electron in the neutral atom

Question 10

Preferred formal charge

Answer 10

Zero. The more electronegative the atom, the more formal charge it will have

Question 11

Polar bonds

Answer 11

Result from a difference in electronegativities

Question 12

Bond dipole moment

Answer 12

Is a charge separation over a distance u=Qr

Question 13

Bonding electrons and electronegativity

Answer 13

There is an increased attraction

Question 14

Polyatomic ion bond dipole

Answer 14

Are the vector sums of the individual bond dipoles

Question 15

The best electron configuration

Answer 15

Is the one that minimizes they repulsions among them

Question 16

Coordination number

Answer 16

The same thing as electron domains

Question 17

Electron domain geometry

Answer 17

The arrangement of electron pairs about the central atom of a ABn molecule, where A is the central atom and B are the peripheral atom

Question 18

Predicting electron geometry

Answer 18

Sketch the lewis structure, Count the number of electron pairs around the central atom, describe the molecular geometry in terms of angular arrangements

Question 19

Electron domain geometry multiple bonds

Answer 19

They act as one bonding pair

Question 20

VSEPR doesn’t

Answer 20

Explain why bonds exist between atoms

Question 21

Valence bond theory

Answer 21

Build up of electron density between two nuclei is visualized as occurring when a valence atomic orbital of one atom merges with that of another atom

Question 22

Overlapping of orbitals

Answer 22

Allows two electrons of opposite spin to share the common space

Question 23

Hybridization

Answer 23

A procedure of mixing two or more atomic orbitals on an atom