Lab 5: Ecosystem Fragmentation and Deforestation

Question 1

What is fragmentation?

Answer 1

• a patchwork of small, isolated natural areas in a sea of developed land
• a disruption of continuity

Question 2

What is an example of fragmentation in an aquatic habitat?

Answer 2

• damming of a stream
• drain pipe

Question 3

What are the types of edge effects?

Answer 3

• physical
• biological
• synergistic

Question 4

What are types of physical edge effects?

Answer 4

• microclimate changes in light, temperature, and wind
• Humidity = 100m

Question 5

What are types of biological edge effects?

Answer 5

• exotic plants and insects
• invasive plants, insects, and animals
• bird density = 100m

Question 6

What are types of synergistic edge effects?

Answer 6

• fire
• hunting pressure by humans and other predators

Question 7

If the area is the same between different reserves, do they have the same edge?

Answer 7

no, the shape of the reserve (even if same area) affects how much edge there is

Question 8

What did each square represent in the forest map?

Answer 8

1 hectare (ha)

Question 9

How many square meters is 1 hectare?

Answer 9

10,000 m^2

Question 10

What is seasonally inundated forest also known as?

Answer 10

wetland

Question 11

How many hectares was map?

Answer 11

400 ha

Question 12

What is carbon sequestration?

Answer 12

• process of photosynthesis
• pull carbon out of air and using to build their bodies

Question 13

Why is carbon sequestration important?

Answer 13

CO2 is a greenhouse gas that traps heat. If there is too much in atmosphere, more heat is trapped and it raises the temperature. If plants can pull CO2 out of atmosphere and store in bodies’ of plant, then it is not acting as a greenhouse gas and instead sequestered in the plant

Question 14

What did we measure in the lab?

Answer 14

• carbon sequestration
• if we treat site in 3 different ways, does human population change

Question 15

Are scattered disturbances normal?

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

What were the 3 scenarios?

Answer 16

• original landscape with natural small, scattered disturbances and its human populations
• landscape fragmented in an uncontrollable manner
• landscape fragmented following some simple use guidelines

Question 17

How much carbon can a cleared land sequester?

Answer 17

7.5 tons C/ha

Question 18

How much carbon is sequestered per uncleared hectare?

Answer 18

150 tons/hectare

Question 19

What is another word for edge?

Answer 19

ecotone

Question 20

How much carbon does edge are sequester?

Answer 20

135 tons C/ha

Question 21

How much carbon does forested area sequester?

Answer 21

150 tons C/ha