Lab - 5 DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) Flashcards
4 Types of Nucleotides
Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Thymine (T)
1.5% of DNA codes for…
RNA or Protein
98.5% of DNA is
Non-Coding DNA.
The .1% difference from other humans represents a difference of…
6 million bases
Gel Electrophoresis
A laboratory method used to separate mixtures of DNA, RNA, or proteins according to molecular size. The molecules to be separated are pushed by an electrical field through a gel that contains small pores
Restriction Enzyme
An enzyme of different types that targets sections of DNA to cut it off after a particular sequence.
DNA Fingerprint
The unique pattern, number, and size that is unique to each person.
DNA
Deoxyribosenucleic Acid. The molecule, made up of nucleotides (Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine, Thymine), responsible for building and maintaining organisms.
Three Prime and Five Prime (3’, 5’)
Describing the direction along a molecule of DNA. Describes the direction of carbons moving away from the ring and toward the phosphate (towards 5’) or toward the ring (toward the 3’)
Which Carbon does the nitrogenous base connect to?
Carbon 1
The direction of an RNA grows in
5’ to 3’ (Anti-Parallel to the template strand)
The direction that a RNA polymerase travels in
Away from 3’ towards the 5’ of the template strand
Promoter
A sequence of nucleotides that indicate where the RNA polymerase should start
Terminator
A sequence of Nucleotides that indicate where the RNA polymerase should stop attaching
Transcription
The process of copying a DNA sequence to an RNA through an RNA polymerase enzyme
