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Microbiology Final Exam > Lab > Flashcards

Lab Flashcards

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1
Q

Phenol Red Broth

A

(+) Yellow broth, bubble in tubeA/G
(+) Yellow broth, no bubbleA/–
(-) Red broth, no bubble* –/–
(-) Pink broth, no bubble *K

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2
Q

Methyl Red & Voges-Proskauer

A

Red *(+)

No Color Change *(–)

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3
Q

Catalase Test

A

Bubbles *(+)

No Bubbles *(–)

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4
Q

Oxidase Test

A

Dark Blue/Purple within 20/s*(+)

No color change to Blue/Purple within 20/s *(–)

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5
Q

Nitrate Reduction Test

A
  1. Gas (non-ferm) *(+)
  2. Gas (ferm, or status unknown)
  3. Red color (after Reagents A&B) *(+)
  4. No color change(after Reagents A&B)
  5. No color change(after zinc dust) *(+)
  6. Red color(after zinc) *(–)
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6
Q

Citrate Utilization Test

A

Blue(even small amount) *(+)
No color change; growth *(+)
No color change; no growth *(–)

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7
Q

Malonate Utilization Test

A

Dark Blue *(+)

No color change; or slightly yellow *(–)

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8
Q

Decarboxylation Test (Ornithine)

A

Purple ( may be slight) *(+)
No color change *(–)
Yellow *(–)

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9
Q

Phenylalamine Deaminase Test

A

Green color *(+)

No color change *(–)

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10
Q

Starch Hydrolysis (Amylase Test)

A

Clearing around growth *(+)

No clearing around growth*(–)

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11
Q

Gelatin Hydrolysis

A

Gelatin is liquid (control is solid) *(+)

Gelatin is solid *(–)

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12
Q

Urea Hydrolysis

A 
24 hours:
1.All pink *(+)
2.Partially pink  *(w+)
3.Orange or yellow *(w+)
4.Orange or yellow*(--)	
24h to 6d:
1.Gelatinase is present *(+)
2.All pink or Partially pink  *(w+)
3.All pink or partially pink *(w+)
4.Orange or yellow*(--)
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13
Q

Indole Production

A

Layer on top of media turns Red/Pink *(+)

Reagent color is unchanged *(–)

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14
Q

Kliger Iron Agar (KIA)

A
  1. Yellow slant/yellow butt *(A/A)
  2. Red slant/yellow butt
    * (K/A)
  3. Red slant/red butt
    * (K/K)
  4. Red slant/ no change in butt
    * (K/NC)
  5. No change in slant/no change in butt *(NC/NC)
  6. Black precipitate in agar *(H2S)
  7. Cracks in or lifting of agar
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15
Q

Litmus Milk Medium

A

1.Pink color *(A)
2.Pink and solid (white in the lower portion if litmus is reduced) clot not movable *(AC)
3.Fissures in clot *(G)
4.Clot broken apart *(S)
5.White color (lower part of medium) *(R)
6.Semisolid and not pink;
clear to grey fluid on top *(C)
7.Clarification of medium; loss of body *(D)
8.Blue medium or blue band on top *(K)
9.No change *(NC)

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16
Q

Enterotube II Interpretation

A
  1. Add the circled numbers for each groups up and write the sum on the corresponding lines
    (e. g. if the enterotube showed a + reaction for glucose and gas then you write a number 2 + 1 = “3” on the first line)
  2. The established ID code identifies the bacterium under investigation with the help of the Coding Manual
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17
Q

Why use Enterotube?

A

The Enterotube is an example of a rapid, multi test system used in identification of unknown oxidase- negative, gram- negative, rod shaped bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae.

18
Q

Flagella:

A

Structure that allows bacteria to move

19
Q

Motility test and its media:

A

Semisolid media that contains TTC and less agar to make it more gelatinous. TTC is salt that becomes oxidized when exposed to air.

20
Q

Aerobic/ Anaerobic/ Facultative

A

Aerobic: require oxygen
Anaerobic: do not require oxygen
Facultative: can grow in both environments but prefer oxygen.

21
Q

GasPak/ Anaerobic chamber

A

made of metal and will work as a catalyst. Takes O2 that is floating and takes O2 Hydrogen to catalyze them by making them water.

22
Q

Spectrophotometry

A

An apparatus for measuring intensity of light in a part of the spectrum, as transmitted or emitted by particular substances.

23
Q

What is the plate count method?

A

The plate count method means diluting bacteria with a diluent solution (e.g. sterile saline) until the bacteria are dilute enough to count accurately when spread on a plate. The assumption is that each viable bacterial cell will develop into a single colony.

24
Q

Absorbance method:
The reason why we use it
Purpose
Advantages/disadvantages

A

Measure the rate of growth of bacterial culture.

25
Q

Plate count method:
The reason why we use it
Purpose
Advantages/disadvantages

A

Calculate the number of bacterial cell per each ml of culture “concentration”

26
Q

Effect of temperature on microbial growth

A

Each species is characterized by a min, max and optimum temp.

27
Q

Effect of UV light on microbial growth

A

UV travels in waves and its distinguished by wavelengths. The effect of UV light is related to time of exposure, lamp intensity, and distance from the target.

28
Q

Concept of thermal death time and the effect of UV light on bacterial DNA.

A

Wavelengths from 100nm to 280nm of bacterial exposure for more than a few minutes results in irreparable DNA damage and death of the organism.

29
Q

Kirby-Bauer Method

A

antimicrobic-impregnated paper disks show the zone of inhibition around the disk.

30
Q

Antibiotics

A

natural antimicrobial agents produced by microorganisms

31
Q

Antimicrobials

A

synthetic agents that are used to treat bacterial infections

32
Q

Bactericidal

A

drugs that kill an organism

33
Q

Bacteriostatic

A

stop the bacteria from dividing but do not kill them

34
Q

Isolation of Staphylococcus

A

-Mannitol Salt Agar
-Selective
-Results:
(–) no growth/ poor growth: Not staph
(+) Good Growth: Staph
(+) Yellow halo: Staph aerous
(+) Red growth/ no halo: Staph other than S. aureous

35
Q

Isolation of Streptococcus

A

-Blood Agar
-Differential
-Results:
(+) clearing around growth: Hemolyzed B
(+) Green around growth: Hemolysed x
(–) No change: no hemo

36
Q

Analysis of food and water

A 
#1 Presumptive test : Lactose Ferm--> negative=STOP
                                                         --> positive= #2
#2 Confirmation test: MAC plate -->
negative= no growth/no green=STOP
positive= green / go to #3
#3 Completed test: any biological test that test positive for E.coli
37
Q

Hemagglutination

A

clumping of RBC to a specific antigen

38
Q

Antibodies
Antigens
Agglutination

A

Antibodies: molecules that are small and soluble
Antigen: binds to antibody
Agglutination: when antibodies bind to an antigen (clumping/ cluster)

39
Q

Immunoprecipitation

A

is the technique of precipitating a protein antigen out of solution using an antibody that specifically binds to that particular protein.

40
Q

How to determine blood type and how to determine correct donor/recipient matches.

A

You can work that out by mixing the patient’s blood with three different reagents containing either of the three antibodies: A, B or Rh.

Microbiology Final Exam (2 decks)

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