Lab 4: The Axial Skeleton

Question 1

What consists of the acial skeleton?

Answer 1

skull, notochord, hyoid(hyobranchial) apparatus, ribs, sternum, and vertebral column

Question 2

What are the functiojs of the sxial skeleton?

Answer 2

framwork that suppots and protects organs
-provides surfaces for attachment of mucles
-contributes to body movement

Question 3

Functions of the vertebral column?

Answer 3

ecloses and protects spinal cord
supports and helps head movement
gives points of attachment for ribs and muscles of the back

Question 4

hyobranchial apparatus

Answer 4

group of visceral arches that supports tongue

Question 5

Name the 5 sections of the vertebra

Answer 5

1.cervical-vertebrae of the neck(not in fish)
-atlas:first cervival vertebra, allows up and down movement of the head
-axis: second cervical vertebra allowing rotation of head

2.thoracic-vertebrae of chest region/ribs
3.lumbar- vertedrae of lower back
4.sacral-lower vertebrae that are fused as the sacrum
5. caudal-vetebrae of the tail(in birds is attachment for feathers)

Question 6

Fish have___vetebral regions

Answer 6

2

Question 7

Amphibians have ___vertebral regions

Answer 7

4
cervical, trunk, sacral and caudal

Question 8

Reptiles have___vertebral regions

Answer 8

5
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and caudal

Question 9

Mammals have ___vertebral regions

Answer 9

5
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, caudal