Lab 4 Review: Hardy Weinberg

Question 1

what does p represent?

Answer 1

• frequency of dominant allele (A1)

- involves alleles

Question 2

what does q represent?

Answer 2

• frequency of recessive allele (A2)

- involves alleles

Question 3

what does p^2 represent?

Answer 3

• frequency of homozygous dominants

- involves genotypes

Question 4

what does 2pq represent?

Answer 4

• frequency of heterozygotes

- involves genotypes

Question 5

what does q^2 represent?

Answer 5

• frequency of homozygous recessive

- involves genotypes

Question 6

what equation can be used for making sense of genotypes?

Answer 6

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1

Question 7

what equation can be used for making sense of alleles?

Answer 7

p=1-q

Question 8

migration

Answer 8

• aka gene flow
• migration of breeding individuals between populations, with a movement of alleles
• inc. genetic similarity and dec. variability
• opposite of natural selection

Question 9

genetic drift

Answer 9

• random evolutionary changes in small breeding populations

- decreases genetic variation within a population

Question 10

nonrandom mating

Answer 10

-when individuals select mates on the basis of phenotype

Question 11

mutation

Answer 11

• random, unpredictable change in DNA

- ultimate source of genetic variation

Question 12

natural selection

Answer 12

-a population that are better adapted to the environment have greater fitness (are more likely to survive and reproduce)