LAB 4 ON REPRODUCTION Flashcards
The combined oral contraceptive pill:
a) contains the hormones LH and FSH
b) inhibits the uterine cycle
c) elevates the levels of circulatory estrogen and progesterone
d) prevents fertilisation of a mature oocyte
e) stimulates ovulation
elevates the levels of circulatory estrogen and progesterone - the oral contraceptive releases estrogen and progesterone to reduce FSH and LH so in order to do this must raise the circulatory levels of estrogen and progesterone to have negative feedback to GnRH
All of the following are features characteristic of an early secondary follicle, EXCEPT:
a) antral space is beginning to form
b) zona pellucida is visible
c) epithelial cells of the granulosa classification are numerous
d) surrounding connective tissue cells, called the theca, are clearly visible
e) the antral cavity is large and the oocyte is suspended on a ‘stalk’
the antral cavity is large and the oocyte is suspended on a ‘stalk’ - the cumulus oophorous is not developed in a secondary follicle
Spermatocytes are one stage that occurs during the development of sperm. Name the stages that occur immediately before and after spermatocytes.
a) spermatogonia and spermatids
b) Leydig cells and spermatogonia
c) spermatozoa and Sertoli cells
d) spermatozoa and spermatids
e) spermatogonia and spermatozoa
spermatogonia and spermatids - spermatogonia undergo mitosis in basal compartment to form spermatocytes, which then undergo meiosis 1 and 2 in adluminal compartment to form spermatids which go onto differentiate into spermatozoa
Where in the male pelvis do the urinary and reproductive pathways first converge?
a) bladder
b) penis
c) seminal vesicle
d) prostatic urethra
e) vas deferens
prostatic urethra - the bladder and ejaculatory duct have contents both enter this region where urinary and reproductive pathways FIRST converge
The formation of follicular fluid marks the beginning of which follicular stage in the ovarian cycle?
a) late primary
b) early primary
c) tertiary or Graafian
d) primordial
e) secondary
secondary - once the granulosa cells are developed they secrete antrum fluid in a secondary follicle
Immediately following ovulation, the levels of which two hormones decrease the most?
a) GnRH and FSH
b) FSH and LH
c) Progesterone and estrogen
d) LH and progesterone
e) LH and estrogen
LH and estrogen - these two hormones peak during ovulation but decrease largely afterwards.
The contraceptive pill prevents pregnancy by:
a) using copper to alter the uterine lining
b) generating sperm-killing agents such as nonoxynol-9
c) increasing the secretion of GnRH
d) creating a physical barrier at the entrance to the fallopian tubes, thus preventing sperm from entering
e) inhibiting the secretion of gonadotropins
e) inhibiting the secretion of gonadotropins
Sertoli cells are most directly responsible for:
a) the secretion of FSH
b) the production of testosterone
c) None of these options
d) the transport of progesterone
e) nourishing developing oocytes
None of these options - the Sertoli cells secrete ABP for testosterone, they are stimulated by FSH (so not a), Leydig cells make testosterone (so not b) and oocytes and progesterone are female aspects of repro
With respect to primordial follicles, select the CORRECT statement:
a) They lack a zona pellucida.
b) They actively secrete estrogen.
c) They are the same size as a tertiary / Graafian follicle.
d) They are commonly found in the medullary region of the ovary.
e) They are surrounded by a single layer of cuboidal epithelium.
They lack a zona pellucida.
Which contraceptive device acts by directly contacting the cervix?
a) IUD
b) Condom
c) Diaphragm
d) Tubal ligation
e) The pill
Diaphragm
During the reproduction laboratory a student examines a histological slide of the ovary. She focuses on one follicle containing an oocyte which is immediately surrounded by a thin blue line. The oocyte is also encircled by a small antral cavity. Which of the following is also true of this follicle?
a) The corona radiata is attached to the thin blue line.
b) The oocyte is surrounded by a single layer of flat follicular cells.
c) The oocyte is suspended by a thin ‘stalk’ of granulosa cells.
d) The next stage for this follicle will be to immediately develop into a corpus albicans.
e) The follicle is found in the uterine cortex.
The corona radiata is attached to the thin blue line. - the blue line is the zone pellucida
The glycoprotein layer between the oocyte and the granulosa cells of an ovarian follicle is called the
a) antrum
b) theca interna
c) zona pellucida
d) theca externa
e) corona radiata
antrum - this is a fluid layer
theca interna - this is made of stromal tissue
zona pellucida - yes made of glycoproteins
theca externa - made of stromal tissue
corona radiata - made of granulosa cells
