lab 3 structures of alkanes

Question 1

hydrocarbons are a group of organic compounds composed of

Answer 1

carbon and hydrogen

Question 2

Alkanes and cycloalkanes are called _____hydrocarbons

Answer 2

saturated

Question 3

Why are alkanes and cycloalkanes called saturated hydrocarbons?

Answer 3

because their carbon atoms are connected by only single bonds

Question 4

In each type of alkane, each carbon atoms has

Answer 4

4 valence electrons and must always have 4 single bonds

Question 5

Condesed structural formula of methane

Answer 5

CH4

Question 6

Complete structural formula of Methane

Answer 6

H
|
H——-C——–H
|
H

Question 7

Three-dimensional structure

Answer 7

H
|
/C
/ /
H H

Question 8

It is more onvenient to use a shortened version of a structural formula called

Answer 8

-a condesed structural formua

ex. CH3——CH3 or CH3CH3

Question 9

The names of alkanes all end with

Answer 9

“ane”

Question 10

Constitutional isomers are present when a molecular formula

Answer 10

can represent two or more different structural (or condesed)formula.

Question 11

One structure cannot be converted to the other without

Answer 11

breaking and forming new bond

Question 12

Isomers have different

Answer 12

physical and chemical properties
ex. Butane vs 2-methylpropane

H H H H H  C  C  C C-H'
  H  H  H H

Question 13

Wht is a cycloalkanes

Answer 13

an alkane that has a cyclic or ring structure

Question 14

condensed formula of cycloalkane

Answer 14

H2C——-CH2
| |
H2C——–CH2

Question 15

Line-bond formula ex. of cycloalkane

Answer 15

_________
| |
|________ |(supposed to be a square)

Question 16

complete structural formula example

Answer 16

H—–C——-C——H
H—– | |——-H
C——- C

Question 17

In a haloalkane, a haogen atom such as (Cl) or (Br)

Answer 17

replaces one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane ora cycloalkane