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Geology > Lab 3 Rock Properties > Flashcards

Lab 3 Rock Properties Flashcards

1
Q

Texture

A

How the minerals in the rock lines up

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2
Q

Crystalline Texture

A

Igneous rocks crystallize with a random oriented, interlocking texture

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3
Q

Phaneritic

A
  • Intrusive Igneous rock
  • Grains are visible
  • Coarse >5mm
  • Medium 1-5mm
  • Fine
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4
Q

Aphanitic

A
  • Extrusive Igneous rock

- Grains are not visible to the naked eye

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5
Q

Glassy

A
  • Extrusive Igneous rock

- Has no grains at all

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6
Q

Euhedral, Subhedral, Anhedral

A
  • E: minerals that formed with characteristic crystal faces
  • S: crystal shapes recognizable, but not perfectly shaped
  • A: No recognizable form
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7
Q

Equigranular

A

Ig rock where all of the grains are about the same size (don’t have to be exactly, just not have two distinct sizes)

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8
Q

Porphyritic

A
  • Ig rock where there are two distinct grain sizes
  • 2 separate cooling stages
  • Large phenocrysts cooled first
  • Groundmass which surrounds cooled second (can be phaneritic or anphanitic)
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9
Q

Vesicular

A
  • Ig rocks with small circular or tubular holes in the rock
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10
Q

Amygdules

A
  • Vesicular (Ig) rocks that have been filled with another rock
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11
Q

Clastic Sedimentary rocks

A
  • Sediments that have been lithified (cemented together)

- Clastic texture

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12
Q

Clastic Grain sizes

A
  • Boulder (gravel)
  • Cobble (gravel)
  • Pebble
  • Sand
  • Silt
  • Clay
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13
Q

Clastic rock shapes

A
  • Rounded
  • Subrounded
  • Subangular
  • Angular
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14
Q

Well sorted vs Poorly sorted

A
  • Clastic rocks that have about the same grain sizes are well sorted, different sizes are poorly sorted
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15
Q

Chemical Sedimentary rocks

A
  • Sedimentary rocks formed from precipitate directly from a saturated solution
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16
Q

CSD grain sizes

A
  • Range from granular to fine-grained
17
Q

Biochemical Sedimentary rocks

A
  • Sedimentary rocks that consist of minerals that were formed by once-living organisms
  • Consist of shells or skeletons of creatures
18
Q

Metamorphic rocks

A
  • Preexisting rocks that have been transformed in a solid state to another rock by temp and pressure
19
Q

Foliated

A
  • Texture of a meta rock where the minerals are aligned (looks like rock has layers of the same type)
20
Q

Nonfoliated

A
  • Meta rock where there is no mineral alignment
21
Q

Protolith

A
  • Rock that was present before being metamorphosed
22
Q

Meta rock grain sizes

A
  • Same as Ig rocks (coarse, medium, and fine grained)

Geology (20 decks)

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