lab 3 - limiting reactant and percent yield Flashcards
what is the purpose if this experiment?
to identify the limiting reactant, determine the percent yield of the reaction, and understand the effects of reactant ratios on product formation
what is a limiting reactant?
the reactant that is completely consumed in a reaction, determining the maximum amount of product that can form
what is the excess reactant?
the reactant that remains after the reaction has completed because it was present in greater quantity than required by the stoichiometric ratio
what is the CDS of calcium chloride dehydrate?
eye irritation
what is the SDS for potassium oxalate monohydrate?
acute toxicity, eye irruption, acute toxicity, aquatic hazard
what is the SDS for calcium oxalate monohydrate?
acute toxicity
why is it important to know the limiting reactant in a reaction?
to predict the theoretical yield and optimize the use of reactants in chemical processes
what us the purpose of the vacuum filtration step?
to isolate the solid product (Cac2O4 x H20) from the reaction mixture
how is the limiting reagent identified in this experiment?
which ever has the most precipitate
how is the percent yield calculated?
% = (yield actual yield/theoretical yield) x 100
what role does the water of hydration play in this experiment?
the water molecules in hydrates contribute to the total molar mass and must be included in calculations
define actual yield
the amount of product actually consumed from the reaction
why might the actual yield be lower than then theoretical yield?
due to incomplete reactions, loss of product during transfer or filtration, and side reactions
how does an excess of one reactant improve the reaction?
it ensures that the limiting reactant is completely consumed, leading to higher product formation
what safety precautions are important in this experiment?
use caution when handling chemicals, follow proper centrifuge usage guidelines, and avoid spills during heating and filtration
