LAB 3 Histology

Question 1

4 Main Types of Tissue

Answer 1

1. Epithelial tissue
2. Connective tissue
3. Muscle tissue
4. Nervous tissue

Question 2

Epithelial tissue types

Answer 2

1. simple epithelial tissue

2. stratified epithelial tissue

Question 3

simple epithelial tissue

Answer 3

1. simple squamous: alveoli, serosa, endothelium, glomeruli
2. simple cuboidal: mammary and salivary glands, kidney tubules, thyroid, liver
3. simple columnar: lining of GI tract, uterus, kidney and uterine tube
4. psuedostratified columnar: respiratory tract, portions of male urethra

Question 4

stratified epithelial tissue

Answer 4

1. stratified squamous
   
   1. keratinized: soles of feet and palms of hands
   2. nonkeratinized: oral mucosa, tongue, esophagus, vagina
2. stratified cuboidal: sweat gland ducts, ovarian follicles, and seminiferous tubules (sweat, sperm, ovaries)
3. transitional epithelial: bladder and ureter

Question 5

Connective tissue types

Answer 5

1. Fibrous
2. Cartilage
3. Bone
4. Blood
5. Adipose

Question 6

Fibrous connective tissue

Answer 6

1. loose
   
   1. areolar: btwn muscles, serous membranes, passageways for nerves and blood vessels
   2. reticular: lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow
2. Dense
   
   1. dense regular: ligaments and tendons
   2. dense irregular: dermis and organ capsules

Question 7

cartilage connective tissue

Answer 7

1. hyaline cartilage: costal cartilage trachea, larynx, fetal skeleton
2. elastic cartilage: external ear, epiglottis
3. fibrocartilage: menisci, pubic symphysis, and intervertebral discs

Question 8

bone connective tissue

Answer 8

1. spongy: heads of long bones and middle of flat bones like sternum
2. compact: shafts of long bones

Question 9

blood connective tissue

Answer 9

1. plasma–blood’s ground substance

2. formed elements: erythrocytes (RBC), leukocytes (WBC), thrombocytes (platelets)

Question 10

adipose connective tissue

Answer 10

1. white fat: organ insulation, cushion for eyeballs and kidneys, breasts, hips
2. brown fat: fetuses, infants, and children—heat producing

Question 11

Muscle tissue

Answer 11

1. skeletal
2. smooth
3. cardiac

Question 12

skeletal muscle tissue

Answer 12

1. striated (striped)
2. multiple nuclei
3. voluntary movement

Question 13

cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 13

1. striated
2. 1-2 nuclei
3. branched
4. involuntary movement

Question 14

smooth muscle tissue

Answer 14

1. smooth
2. spindle shaped
3. single nucleus
4. involuntary movement

Question 15

Nervous tissue

Answer 15

1. neurons–send and receive messages
2. neuroglias–support neuron activities: astrocyte, microglia, ependymal cell, satellite cell, schwann cell

they make up the majority of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

Question 16

basement membrane

Answer 16

• layer btwn an epithelium and underlying connective tissue

- collagen, glycoproteins, protein-carbohydrate complexes

Question 17

basal surface

Answer 17

surface of epithelial cell facing the basement membrane

Question 18

apical surface

Answer 18

surface of epithelial cell that faces away from the basement membrane

Question 19

three parts of tissues

Answer 19

1. cells
2. fibers
3. ground substance

fibers and ground substance = the matrix

Question 20

goblet cells

Answer 20

• mucous secreting cells

- in simple columnar and psuedostratified columnar epithelia

Question 21

cell types (8 of them)

Answer 21

• fibroblast
• leukocyte (WBC)
• macrophage (help with immune system–eat things)
• mast cell-found alongside blood vessels, inhibit clotting
• adipocyte–fat cell
• chondrocyte–cartilage
• chondroblast–have lacunae
• osteocyte–bone

*"-blast" = immature
"-cyte" = mature

Question 22

fiber types (3)

Answer 22

1. collagen–tough, flexible, stretch-resistant
2. elastin–stretch and recoil
3. reticular–thin collagen fibers with glycoprotein