Lab 3 - Fluid Forces

Question 1

Turbines

Answer 1

use the forces of fluids impinging on blades to convert fluid energy to mechanical energy.

Question 2

Pumps

Answer 2

they use mechanical forces to create fluid momentum

Question 3

Purpose of this lab

Answer 3

1. To determine the force produced by a water jet when it strikes two types of fixed vanes - flat and semi-spherical.
2. To compare the results with the theoretical values calculated from the momentum flux principle.

Question 4

Assumptions made to get force equation

Answer 4

1. The jet is a free jet open to the atmosphere.
2. The vane is smooth, and there is no friction between the jet and the vane.
3. The jet velocity is uniform throughout its path.
4. The fluid is incompressible.

Question 5

relationship between force and flowrate

Answer 5

F = ρQVin(1-cos(theta))

Question 6

angle of jet after hitting semi-spherical vane

Answer 6

45 degree

Question 7

angle of jet after it hits conical shape

Answer 7

135 degree

Question 8

apparatus used

Answer 8

Cussons P6233 Impact of Jets Apparatus is intended to be used with Cussons P6100 Hydraulics Bench which provides the water supply and the means of measuring flow rate.

Question 9

which had highest force

Answer 9

semispherical