LAB 2 - Microscope

Question 1

Watch a video on how to use microscope and the parts of it

Question 2

Longer lens =

Answer 2

Longer lens = more magnification

Question 3

Memorize focussing steps

Question 4

Leukocyte Percentage equation

Answer 4

wbcs/rbs x100 = __%

Question 5

Identify types of blood cells on YT

Question 6

Erythrocytes

Answer 6

biconcave, anucleate

Question 7

Leukocytes

Answer 7

neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils

Question 8

Neutrophils

Answer 8

multi-lobed nucleus
-1st to arrive, cytokines and chemokines
-up to 70%

Question 9

Lymphocytes

Answer 9

large spherical nucleus
-nk cells, b and t
-20-40%

Question 10

Monocytes

Answer 10

-kidney shaped
-4-8%
-turn into macrophae or dendritic when invader enters

Question 11

Eosinophils

Answer 11

bi–lobed nucelus, granular, orange in colour
-1-4%
-histamine for inflammation

Question 12

Basophils

Answer 12

large nucleus
-histamine
-less than 1%

Question 13

two differences between a compound microscope and a magnifying glass

Answer 13

-magnifying glass = 1 lens
-compound microscope = 2; objective (multiple) and occular

Question 14

What is the function of the sub-stage condenser, the iris diaphragm and the
immersion oil

Answer 14

-sub stager: gathers light from bulb into cone shape to evenly focus over specimen
-iris diaphragm: controls amount of light coming in
-immersion oil: decreases gap of air between specimen and lens (light travels differently through air vs glass)
-immersion oil allows for higher refractive index so more light is directed around specimen

Question 15

What is the magnification of the specimens under the lowest and highest power

Answer 15

-lowest objective is 4 lens with magnification of 40x
-highest with immersion oil with 100x at 1000
-occular (10x) pair with objective

Question 16

What is the clinical significance of an elevated eosinophil count?

Answer 16

-seasonal allergies or adrenal gland deficiency

Question 17

In the cell, what structures are stained by methylene blue and why?

Answer 17

-methylene blue stains nucleus, dna, rna
-methylene blue has +ve ionic charge and can react with anionic groups (nuclei, DNA, RNA)

Question 18

Is there a difference in appearance of WBCs, RBCs or both) in the blood smear of a newborn versus the adult smears we looked at today?

Answer 18

-newborns have a higher wbc count than adults
-in red blood cells, adults have hemoglobin alpha and beta
-newborns have hemoglobin alpha anf gamma

Question 19

Components of Blood

Answer 19

-plasma (nutrients, water, ions, waste, gases) = 55%
-rbc = 45%
-wbc = <1%
-platelets <1%