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Ichthyology > Lab 2 > Flashcards

Lab 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Communicating with other fish is more difficult in ______ waters

A

Murky

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2
Q

Speed of sound in water is ______ than in air

A

Speed of sound in water is FASTER than in air

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3
Q

Important bone in ear for hearing

A

Otoliths

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4
Q

Weberian organ

A

Bones physically connecting ear to swim bladder to increase hearing ability

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5
Q

Lateral line system detects…

A

Vibrations and movement

Pressure waves

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6
Q

Structure used to detect water movement (currents and direction of movement)

A

Hair cells

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7
Q

Organ of Weber

A

Uses bones to transfer pressure changes detected in swim bladder to the inner ear

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8
Q

Electroception =

A

Ability to detect electric fields

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9
Q

Electroreceptor organ

A

Ampullae of Lorenzini

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10
Q

Sensory receptors in barbels

A

Tastebuds

Chemical detection

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11
Q

Habitat in which fish with barbels live

A

Bottom of water

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12
Q

Use of barbels

A

Touch the sediment and search for prey

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13
Q

Location of fish taste buds

A

Mouth, lips + body

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14
Q

Location of neuromasts

A

Skin

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15
Q

Primary organ for thrust generation when swimming

A

Caudal fin

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16
Q

Rete mirabile

A

Countercurent heat exchanger

Amplifies the level of oxygen and temperature of incoming vessels

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17
Q

Gas gland secretes…

A

Lactic acid

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18
Q

Lactic acid presence around swim bladder ->

A

Oxygen dissociates from haemoglobin -> oxygen concentration in gas bladder increases

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19
Q

What structure absorbs oxygen from the swim bladder?

A

Ovale

20
Q

End of fish that secretes oxygen into swim bladder =

A

Anterior

21
Q

At which end of the swim bladder is oxygen absorbed?

A

Posterior

22
Q

What separates the swim bladder from the ovale?

A

Constrictor muscles

23
Q

Relaxation of constrictor muscles between swim bladder and ovale ->

A

Oxygen absorbed by ovale -> decreased buoyancy

24
Q

Layer of skin in which scales are embedded

A

Epidermis

25
Q

Terminal mouth type =

A

Lower jaw projects further up than lower

Still flat

26
Q

Where do fish with terminal mouths feed?

A

Mid water

27
Q

Superior mouth type =

A

Rounded upwards

Lower jaw longer than upper

28
Q

Where do fish with superior mouths feed?

A

Surface

29
Q

Inferior sub-terminal mouth type =

A

Flat mouth

30
Q

Where do fish with inferior sub-terminal mouths feed?

A

Bottom

31
Q

Kinetic skull allows…

A

Considerable movement between the jaw and other parts of the skull

32
Q

Semicircular canals

A

Pits in skin full of mucus and lined by hair cells

Detects water movements around the fish

33
Q

Cirri

A

Fleshy flaps of skin

34
Q

Physostomous swim bladder =

A

Connected to the gut

35
Q

Physoclistous swim bladder =

A

No connection to the digestive tract

36
Q

Aestivation =

A

Prolonged turpor

37
Q

How does the African lungfish avoid drying out in drought season?

A

Secretes a mucus layer which hardens like a shell

38
Q

Spawning =

A

Sperm and eggs shed into the water

39
Q

Copulation =

A

Sexual intercourse introducing sperm to egg

40
Q

Gonopodium =

A

Modified anal fin to deliver sperm into a female

41
Q

Embryophagy =

A

First embryo consumes other embryos in utero

42
Q

Functional hermaphrodite =

A

No distinct sex

One fish can produce sperm and eggs

43
Q

Diadromous =

A

Spend part of life in fresh and marine waters

44
Q

Anadromous =

A

Spawn in fresh water but live in salt water to feed and grow

Pacific Salmon

45
Q

Catadromous =

A

Freshwater adults spawn in the ocean

Atlantic Eel

Ichthyology (5 decks)

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