Lab 2

Question 1

Communicating with other fish is more difficult in ______ waters

Answer 1

Murky

Question 2

Speed of sound in water is ______ than in air

Answer 2

Speed of sound in water is FASTER than in air

Question 3

Important bone in ear for hearing

Answer 3

Otoliths

Question 4

Weberian organ

Answer 4

Bones physically connecting ear to swim bladder to increase hearing ability

Question 5

Lateral line system detects…

Answer 5

Vibrations and movement

Pressure waves

Question 6

Structure used to detect water movement (currents and direction of movement)

Answer 6

Hair cells

Question 7

Organ of Weber

Answer 7

Uses bones to transfer pressure changes detected in swim bladder to the inner ear

Question 8

Electroception =

Answer 8

Ability to detect electric fields

Question 9

Electroreceptor organ

Answer 9

Ampullae of Lorenzini

Question 10

Sensory receptors in barbels

Answer 10

Tastebuds

Chemical detection

Question 11

Habitat in which fish with barbels live

Answer 11

Bottom of water

Question 12

Use of barbels

Answer 12

Touch the sediment and search for prey

Question 13

Location of fish taste buds

Answer 13

Mouth, lips + body

Question 14

Location of neuromasts

Answer 14

Skin

Question 15

Primary organ for thrust generation when swimming

Answer 15

Caudal fin

Question 16

Rete mirabile

Answer 16

Countercurent heat exchanger

Amplifies the level of oxygen and temperature of incoming vessels

Question 17

Gas gland secretes…

Answer 17

Lactic acid

Question 18

Lactic acid presence around swim bladder ->

Answer 18

Oxygen dissociates from haemoglobin -> oxygen concentration in gas bladder increases

Question 19

What structure absorbs oxygen from the swim bladder?

Answer 19

Ovale

Question 20

End of fish that secretes oxygen into swim bladder =

Answer 20

Anterior

Question 21

At which end of the swim bladder is oxygen absorbed?

Answer 21

Posterior

Question 22

What separates the swim bladder from the ovale?

Answer 22

Constrictor muscles

Question 23

Relaxation of constrictor muscles between swim bladder and ovale ->

Answer 23

Oxygen absorbed by ovale -> decreased buoyancy

Question 24

Layer of skin in which scales are embedded

Answer 24

Epidermis

Question 25

Terminal mouth type =

Answer 25

Lower jaw projects further up than lower | Still flat

Question 26

Where do fish with terminal mouths feed?

Answer 26

Mid water

Question 27

Superior mouth type =

Answer 27

Rounded upwards | Lower jaw longer than upper

Question 28

Where do fish with superior mouths feed?

Answer 28

Surface

Question 29

Inferior sub-terminal mouth type =

Answer 29

Flat mouth

Question 30

Where do fish with inferior sub-terminal mouths feed?

Answer 30

Bottom

Question 31

Kinetic skull allows...

Answer 31

Considerable movement between the jaw and other parts of the skull

Question 32

Semicircular canals

Answer 32

Pits in skin full of mucus and lined by hair cells | Detects water movements around the fish

Question 33

Cirri

Answer 33

Fleshy flaps of skin

Question 34

Physostomous swim bladder =

Answer 34

Connected to the gut

Question 35

Physoclistous swim bladder =

Answer 35

No connection to the digestive tract

Question 36

Aestivation =

Answer 36

Prolonged turpor

Question 37

How does the African lungfish avoid drying out in drought season?

Answer 37

Secretes a mucus layer which hardens like a shell

Question 38

Spawning =

Answer 38

Sperm and eggs shed into the water

Question 39

Copulation =

Answer 39

Sexual intercourse introducing sperm to egg

Question 40

Gonopodium =

Answer 40

Modified anal fin to deliver sperm into a female

Question 41

Embryophagy =

Answer 41

First embryo consumes other embryos in utero

Question 42

Functional hermaphrodite =

Answer 42

No distinct sex | One fish can produce sperm and eggs

Question 43

Diadromous =

Answer 43

Spend part of life in fresh and marine waters

Question 44

Anadromous =

Answer 44

Spawn in fresh water but live in salt water to feed and grow | Pacific Salmon

Question 45

Catadromous =

Answer 45

Freshwater adults spawn in the ocean | Atlantic Eel