lab Flashcards
To begin an exam type what two things are critical to set up?
1) Input patient information.
2) Know what type of exam you’re going to perform to choose the right preset and transducer.
List the types of transducers in the video and tell what exam types they are used for.
What shape of an images does each produce?
1) A curved array transducer is used for deeper structures and it produces a pie-shaped imaged.
2) A linear array transducer is used for superficial structures or vascular exams. It produces a rectangle-shaped image.
3) An endocavity probe is used for vaginal exams and it produces a curved image.
4) A sector array is used for cardiac exams and the image produced is cone-shaped.
Choose the Curved array transducer and describe the orientation marker on the probe.
What does the orientation mark on the monitor look like?
The orientation marker on the curved array transducer is located on the side of the probe, which goes towards the patient’s head or the right side of the body.
On the monitor, the orientation marker will usually be the name of the company.
Describe your hand placement when applying the transducer on the patient’s skin for sagittal and transverse imaging.
How do you know which end of the transducer is toward the head or to the right side of the patient?
For sagittal imaging, the orientation marker must be towards the patient’s head.
For transverse imaging, the orientation marker must be towards the patient’s right side.
We can check if the transducer is towards the head by running our finger across the transducer while looking at the monitor.
Describe the button (label) for the overall gain.
Turn gain up and down. What affect does it have on the image?
What are the units?
The button for the overall gain is labeled “B”.
Gain affects the amplification of the echoes. It makes the image brighter when it’s turned up and darker when it’s turned down.
The units for gain are decibels.
How is Time gain compensation different than overall gain?
The difference is that Time gain compensates for returning echoes in accordance with depth.
Describe the depth button.
What is deepest depth that can be displayed? How do you know?
What are the units?
The depth button says “depth”.
The maximum depth that can be displayed is about 30 centimeters.
The units are centimeters.
What is a Cine loop?
Why would this be useful?
A Cine loop is a clip of the scan. It gives us a chance to review the clip and choose the best image to send to the physician.
On an image of the kidney. How would you Measure the length?
What is the units?
How would you measure the Width?
I would press the button labeled “measure” and set the caliper from the cranial to caudal direction to measure the length.
The units are centimeters.
To measure the width, I must make sure the orientation marker on the transducer is towards the right side of the patient. Then, I would press the measure button and set the caliper.
What label is on the button is used to turn on Color Doppler?
How do you know by looking at monitor that Color Doppler is on? What information does Color Doppler provide?
The label on the button says “CF”, which stands for color flow.
If color doppler is on, I will see a box come up that has the colors red and blue.
Color Doppler tells us if blood flow is present, the direction of the blood flow, and the general average speed of the blood flow.
What button is used to turn on spectral Doppler? What information does it provide that Color Doppler does not?
The button says “PW”, which stands for pulsed wave.
Spectral Doppler tells us the absolute velocity of blood flow and the morphology of it.
What is M mode, what is it used for?
M mode is used to detect motion. It records all the motion across one scan line. We can measure heart rate with this.
Using a linear array scan and produce an image of the thyroid. To show both sides of the thyroid in the image, what section is best?
To show both sides of the thyroid at the same time, the transverse section should be used.
An image is produced of the gallbladder? Why does it appear dark? What is the correct sonographic term for that?
The gallbladder appears dark because it’s filled with fluid. The term for this is anechoic.
When producing an image of an anatomical structure, it is necessary to type words on the image.
What button is used and what should be typed?
Is there an automated way to do this?
The “comment” button is used to add words to the image. The annotation should include the section, anatomy, and any pertinent information.
The touchscreen on the ultrasound machine has a feature for automated annotation.
