Lab # 1 Spine Flashcards

1
Q

Patients usually present with severe ____ and ______ along a particular nerve path to the appropriate extremity.

A

pain and weakness

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2
Q

Diagnosis can be demonstrated through a ____________ to show metastasis from primary diseases

A

radionuclide bone scan

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3
Q

________________ tumors refer to a subgroup of intradural spinal tumors that arise from cells within the spinal cord, as opposed to adjacent structures such as the nerve roots or meninges.

A

Intramedullary spinal cord

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4
Q

Intramedullary spinal cord tumors’ most common initial symptom is

A

generalized back pain

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5
Q

Intramedullary spinal cord tumor arise from within the

A

`spinal cord

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6
Q

are Intramedullary spinal cord tumor more or less common than brain tumors

A

less common

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7
Q

the surgical removal of a lamina, or posterior portion, of a vertebra

A

laminectomy

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8
Q

which procedure is used to decompress and expose the spinal cord

A

laminectomy

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9
Q

Post-operative radiation can be used with a spinal tumor dose of?

A

45000-5000 cGy

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10
Q

name 4 primary brain tumors

A

Ependymoma,
astrocytoma,
unclassified gliomas, and
glioblastomas

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11
Q

What is primary Intramedullary Neoplasms ?

A

Primary Tumors that occur inside the spinal cord

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12
Q

What is Metastatic Intramedullary Neoplasms ?

A

rare occurrence arising from primary breast or lung tumors

Most involve the spinal column and skull

cause spinal cord compression ( emergency situation)

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13
Q

what is the post-operative radiation dose/fractions for medtastatic intramedullary neoplasms?

A

3000 cGy in 10 fractions

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14
Q

the most common malignancy affecting the spinal cord

A

metastatic extradural tumors

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15
Q

where do metastatic extradural tumors arise?

A

breast, lung, prostate, and testicular cancer, as well as lymphomas and tumors of the renal system

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16
Q

metastatic extradural tumors infiltrate into the _____ and into the __________ and extend in each direction along the __________.

A

dura

vertebral canal

spinal cord

17
Q

what are the most common sites of metastatic bone disease development?

A

spine and pelvis

18
Q

what is the most common primary tumor that mets to bone?

19
Q

what are other common primaries that mets to bone? (4)

A

breast, prostate, thyroid, and kidney

20
Q

define osteolytic

A

bone destruction

21
Q

define osteoblastic

A

bone production

22
Q

which type of bone lesion is more common?

A

osteolytic

23
Q

what fields may be used to treat bone mets

A

signle fields or parallel opposed fields

24
Q

how many verteral bodies are there is the cervical region

25
how many verteral bodies are there is the thoracic region
12
26
how many verteral bodies are there is the lumbar region?
5
27
what is the treatment depth and width for the cervical region?
depth: 4cm width: 6 cm
28
what is the treatment depth and width for the thoracic region?
depth: 5-6 cm width: 6-8 cm
29
what is the treatment depth and width for the thoracic region?
depth: 6-7 cm width: 8 cm
30
what is the treatment depth and width for the sacrum?
depth: 4-5 cm width: 12-15 cm spade field
31
what is the treatment depth and width for the coccyx?
depth: 4-5 cm width: 12-15 cm spade field
32
what are the critical structures when treating the spine?
spinal cord
33
what is the TD 5/5 for the spinal cord
4700 cGy