lab 1 functional anatomy

Question 1

which meningeal layer has two sublayers?

Answer 1

the dura

Question 2

where is most of the brain’s blood supply found?

Answer 2

the sub arachnoid space (along with CSF)

Question 3

true or false: the dura encases the brain AND the spinal cord

Answer 3

true, but the brain is double done, the spinal cord only has a single layer of dura

Question 4

what is the function of the perisoteum?

Answer 4

attaches the dura to the cranium

Question 5

what is formed in the inner layers of the dura?

Answer 5

sinuses

Question 6

sinuses serve what function?

Answer 6

collect cerebral blood and CSF, empty into the general circulation

Question 7

what is an extradural hemmorhage?

Answer 7

bleeding between dura and skull

Question 8

what is a subdural hematoma?

Answer 8

bleeding between arachnoid and dura, can cause pressure-related pain and impairments in funciton

Question 9

a ruptured aneurysm of one of the cranial arteries may result in

Answer 9

a subarachnoid hemmorhage

Question 10

what separates frontal and temporal lobes?

Answer 10

the lateral sulcus or sylvian fissure

Question 11

frontal and parietal lobes are separated by :

Answer 11

the rolandic fissure (or central sulcus

Question 12

In the frontal lobe, what is the function of the superior, and middle frontal gyri?

Answer 12

superior and middle are involved in decision making, executive function, memory, and motor sequencing.

Question 13

what is the function of the frontal inferior gyrus?

Answer 13

It has 3 parts: orbital, triangular, and opercular. Opercular and triangular make up what is known as Broca’s area, an area for creating speech.

Question 14

what is the cingulate gyrus for and what connects it to the hippocampus?

Answer 14

it is involved in attention and emotion, and connects to the hippo via the cingulum

Question 15

the superior temporal gyrus contains:

Answer 15

primary and secondary auditory cortex

Question 16

in which side of the brain is the superioir temporal gyrus larger, why?

Answer 16

the left side! This is because the language comprehension aspect (language is v important)

Question 17

the middle and inferioir temporal gyri are also known as:

Answer 17

the ventral visual pathway (higher order visual processing, obj recognition)

Question 18

s1 (post central gyrus) in the parital lobe is for

Answer 18

somatosensation

Question 19

the supramarginal and angular gyri are for:

Answer 19

language comprehension! WERNICKIE’S AREA

Question 20

the dorsal visual pathway contains:

Answer 20

the superior and inferioir parietal lobules

Question 21

which is superior? The cuneus or the lingual gyrus?

Answer 21

the cuneus (both are part of occipital lobe)

Question 22

what is the insula for?

Answer 22

(1) taste; (2) visceral sensation and motor; (3) somatic markers; (4) emotion; and (5) socialility

Question 23

what are the medualary pyramids, and what happens at the caudal end of the pyramids?

Answer 23

axons of motor neurons, at the caudal end of the pyramids, the axons decussate before entering the spinal cord.

Question 24

what is the function of the pons?

Answer 24

attention(LC) sleep/wake (raphe) respiration, connection (bridge) to cerebellum, roof of 4th ventricle

Question 25

the 3rd and 4th ventricles as well as the cerebral aquaduct are part of the collection of structures known as

Answer 25

the mesencephalon

Question 26

what are the colliculi for?

Answer 26

sup: blindsight (vis info) inf: auditory info