Lab 1 Exam Flashcards
Describe: Oscillatoria
Long rods of cyanobacteria called filaments. Oscillating organisms gives its name.
Describe: Anabaena
Bead-like
Similar to bead bracelets
Describe: Gleocapsa
Mucus sheathed cyanobacterial colonies
Describe: Paramecium
Pink ciliate protist
Reproduce by binary fission (longwise) and conjugation
Describe: Peranema
Green flagellate protist
Lives in stagnant water
Describe: Trypanosoma
Pink or purple eel like protist
Causes African sleeping sickness
Excavata supergroup
Flagella
What are heterocysts in cyanobacteria?
Dark spots in discussed cyanobacteria that are essential for nitrogen fixation.
Asexual Reproduction of cyanobacteria:
Fragmentation or budding
Food vacuoles are (dark/clear)
Dark
Contractile vacuoles are (dark/clear)
Clear
Describe:
Phylum: Zygomycota
Both asexual and sexual repro.
Sporangiums contain asexual spores.
Sporangiums are a ball like structure on top of a stalk called a sporangiophore, connected with roots at the bottom called rhizoids.
Zygotes formed by fusion of hyphae are protected by a coat -> zygospore
Describe:
Phylum: Ascomycota
Reproduce sexually with an ascus (finger like sacs with ~8 spores) and ascospores
Yeasts, lichens
Describe:
Yeasts of Phylum Ascomycota
Reproduce asexually via budding
Sometimes sexual repro. via ascus
Unicellular fungi
2 requirements for fungal survival
Moist habitat
Moderate temperature
Scientific name for common bread mold
Rhizopus
Peziza is an example of:
Ascomycete
Bread mold, yeasts, cup fungi, earthstars, bracket fungi, puffballs, mushrooms, are examples of which fungal phyla?
Basidiomycetes
Describe:
Phyla: Basidiomycota
Reproduce sexually via basidia (club like structures on gills)
Tip of basidia = 4 spores
Sexual Reproduction of 3 Fungal phyla
Zygomycota form large zygospores.
Ascomycota use ascii to form ascospores, with 8 ascospores in a line.
Basidiomycota use basidia found in the gills to form basidiospores, usually found in groups of four.
Classification of Animals can use 2 categories of organs:
Backbone presence
Germ layer number
Which animal is a Perozoan? Why?
Sponges
No true tissue due to lack of germ layer
Describe use of ostia in a sponge.
Water moves into the sponge through pores called ostia.
Describe use of incurrent canals in sponges.
Incurrent canals carry water into the central cavity.
Describe osculum in the sponges.
Top of the sponge where water exits.
Sponges are ____ and animals are Metozoan.
Parazoan (due to their lack of germ layers and true tissue).
(sponges) Collar cells are alternatively called…
Choanocytes
Describe the central cavity.
Lined with choanocytes to digest food. Like the stomach, but for sponges. Water exits through the osculum and enters via incurrent canals and ostia.
Choanocytes have what adaptation to grab their food and filter the passing water?
Flagellas
Describe radial canals (sponges)
Increase surface area of sponge
Inbetween incurrent canals of sponge
Lined with choanocytes
Purpose of amoebocytes in sponges
Deliver nutrients to cells. Receive food from choanocytes.
Purpose of spicules in sponges
Skeletal structure of a sponge. Provides structure
Silica spicules are present in-
glass sponges
protein spicules are present in-
bath sponges
Calcium Carbonate spicules are present in-
Grantia sponges
Spicules are produced by what specialized cell?
Sclerocytes
Describe Cnidarians
Diploblastic animals
radial symmetry
2 forms - polyp and medusa
Describe polyps
Mouth at the top of the structure. Tube like.
Ex: sea anemones
Describe medusa.
Mouth at the bottom of the main structure. Top part is a bell like structure with mouth at the bottom. Tentacles.
Ex: jellyfish
The cnidarian Hydra has stinging cells lining its tentacles to sting prey called…
Cnidocytes (bumps on the tentacles)
Hydras reproduce via
budding