Lab 1 Brodmann Areas

Question 1

Premotor Area

Answer 1

Premotor Area (Area 6) 
•  Strip of cortex located immediately in front of area 4 on both the lateral and medial surfaces of the frontal lobe, including: –  caudal part of superior frontal gyrus  –  rostral part of precentral gyrus •  Induces movements that tend to be postural in nature, involving axial and proximal musculature: –  function in the programming of, and preparation for, movement and the control of posture

Question 2

Cortical Area

Answer 2

Cortical Area 8
•  Located in the caudal portions of the superior and middle frontal gyri immediately rostral to area 6 •  Lower part of area 8, in the middle frontal gyrus, is the frontal eye field: –  area that controls voluntary conjugate movements of the eyes (i.e., controls voluntary scanning movements of the eyes)

Question 3

Broca’s Area

Answer 3

Broca’s Area (Areas 44 And 45)
•  Located in the caudal part of the inferior frontal gyrus (pars opercularis and pars triangularis) •  This area in the dominant hemisphere (usually the left) is responsible for language production and referred to as: –  Broca’s motor speech area

Question 4

Primary Somesthetic Area

Answer 4

Primary Somesthetic Area (Areas 3, 1, And 2)
•  Located in the cortex of the postcentral gyrus and the caudal paracentral lobule: –  Area 3 occupies posterior wall of central sulcus –  Area 2 is located along posterior wall of postcentral gyrus –  Area 1 is interposed between the two •  All three areas extend over superiomedial border of postcentral gyrus onto the caudal paracentral lobule on medial surface of hemisphere •  Impulses for the general sensations of pain, temperature, touch, pressure, and proprioception conveyed via the spinothalamic and trigeminothalamic tracts and the medial lemniscus ultimately reach this area

Question 5

Gustatory Area

Answer 5

Gustatory Area (Area 43) 
•  Located in ventral part of postcentral gyrus in the parietal operculum

Question 6

Visual (Striate) Area

Answer 6

Visual (Striate) Area (Area 17)

•  Located in the cortex (cuneate and lingual gyri) surrounding calcarine sulcus of occipital lobe

Question 7

Primary Auditory Area

Answer 7

Primary Auditory Area (Areas 41 And 42)

•  Located in portions of the two transverse temporal gyri (Heschl’s convolutions) within depths of lateral sulcus

Question 8

Primary Olfactory Area

Answer 8

Primary Olfactory Area (Area 34)

•  Located in the temporal lobe cortex overlying the amygdaloid nucleus and the uncus

Question 9

Auditory association area

Answer 9

Auditory association area (area 22): –  located behind the primary auditory area in the floor of the lateral sulcus (Planum temporale) –  includes parts of the superior temporal gyrus on the lateral surface of the temporal lobe •  Auditory association cortex is also known as Wernicke’s area •  Destructive lesions here result in receptive (sensory) aphasia: –  characterized by individual’s inability to understand the meaning of words in oral language

Question 10

Sensory or Ideational Language Area

Answer 10

Sensory or Ideational (formation of ideas/ thoughts) Language Area (Areas 40,39,22, and 21)
•  Located within complex of gyri formed by: –  supramarginal and angular gyri –  caudal portions of superior and middle temporal gyri
•  Sensory language area is referred to as Wernicke area and is usually in the left hemisphere, which is the dominant hemisphere for language in most persons: –  thought to be essential for understanding and formulating coherent speech