Lab 1-4 Flashcards
Atrial systole
Atrial contraction
AV valves close
First heart sound
AV valves close during VENTRICULAR CONTRACTION
2nd heart sound
Closing of SL valves during VENTRICULAR RELAXATION
Murmurs caused by:
Abnormal valves Defect septum Ductus arteriosum Foramen ovalis Abnormal development in structure
ECKG
Graphs electrical changes that occur in the heart during a cardiac cycle
P wave
P- ATRIAL DEPOLARization
QRS wave complex
QRS- VENTRICULAR DEPOLARization
T wave
T- VENTRICULAR REPOLARization
Atrial depolarization
Missing because when AR (diastole), ventricles start depolarization (systole)
Artery
Away from the heart
Rippled
Vessel constriction
Blood moves fastest in what blood vessel? Why?
Artery - less cross sections, high driving force (pressure)
Blood moves slowest in which vessel?
Capillary - MORE cross sections
Blood vessel with the smallest diameter? Why?
Artery - pressure and return flow
Input volume = output volume of blood in same area
Input volume or output volume = speed x diameter
Volume pulse
Change in blood volume with each cardiac cycle. Reflects blood flow in peripheral circulation
Dicrotic notch
Elastic recoil of artery after aortic valve closes
Converging vs diverging vessels
Veins converge
Arteries diverge
Plethysmograph
Measures change in size of organ or amount of blood flowing through it
What occurrence is responsible for dicrotic notch?
Respiration- normally during inspiration of air
*Elastic rebound of aorta after aortic SL valves close
Why is the slope of the rising edge volume steeper than the falling edge?
Rising edge corresponds to active contraction and falling edge to passive relaxation
How is heart rate determined?
Volume pulse recording - elapsed time for several cardiac cycles
When a person stands what changes?
Amplitude decreases
Blood pressure decreases
Heart rate increases
Blood pressure
Pressure required to close off blood flow through a superficial artery
Systolic pressure
Peak pressure during ventricular systole
Diastolic pressure
Minimum pressure at ventricular diastole
Agglutinogen
Antigen on erythrocyte surface
Agglutinins
Antibodies in plasma
Neutrophils
60-70%
Lymphocyte
25-30%
Monocytes
3-8%
Eosinophil
2-4%
Basophils
0.5-1%
Functions of lymphatic system
Return IF Filter lymph Absorb product of fat digestion in small intestine Immune response Maintain homeostasis
